Abstract: CST recorded 3,700 antisemitic incidents in the UK in 2025, the second-highest total ever reported to CST in a single calendar year. This is an increase of 4% from the 3,556 anti-Jewish hate incidents recorded by CST in 2024, and 14% lower than the highest ever annual total of 4,298 antisemitic incidents reported in 2023. CST recorded 1,662 antisemitic incidents in 2022, and 2,261 in 2021.
The increase from the total recorded in 2024 reflects that antisemitic incident levels remain at a significantly higher rate than was the case prior to Hamas’ terror attack on Israel on 7 October 2023. There was an immediate and significant spike in recorded cases of anti-Jewish hate in the UK in the aftermath of that attack. The subsequent war, and its grip of public and media attention even during periods of ceasefire, has continued to impact the amount and nature of anti-Jewish hate reported in the 27 months since that date.
Abstract: La séquence génocidaire déclenchée le 7 octobre 2023 par le Hamas n’a pas seulement engendré une catastrophe humanitaire de grande ampleur, elle a également servi de détonateur à une libération de la parole antisémite dans des proportions et sous des formes que l’on croyait reléguées aux marges les plus extrêmes de l’espace public occidental. Bien au-delà des slogans violents ou des propos haineux épisodiques, ce sont des tropes antisémites pluriséculaires – que l’on pensait à jamais disqualifiés par leur association historique avec la Shoah – qui opèrent aujourd’hui un retour tonitruant dans le débat public, et ce jusqu’au sein des médias les plus respectés. Au centre de ces motifs éculés, celui du Juif tueur d’enfants, buveur de sang et figure surnaturelle du mal refait surface. Le Juif
(certes déguisé en sioniste), n’apparaît plus comme citoyen, soldat ou acteur politique, mais comme incarnation du mal absolu. L’imagerie du vampire, du sacrificateur, du boucher – jusque-là instruments de la propagande nazie, des
pamphlets d’extrême droite, de la rhétorique de l’ultra-gauche radicale et des médias arabo-musulmans les plus haineux – refleurit aujourd’hui… dans la presse grand public européenne.
Abstract: The research examines changes in online antisemitic narratives following the Hamas terror attack on Israel on 7 October 2023 and the subsequent war. These events led to a rise in antisemitism across Europe, underscoring the need to analyze how antisemitic narratives evolved online.
Conducted simultaneously in Hungary, Italy, Poland, and Romania using a unified methodology, the study focused on online textual content, including articles, comments, and Facebook posts. It analyzed content from 1–15 April in both 2023 and 2024, reviewing nearly 7,000 pieces per country. The research methodology and categories were finalised in late 2023 and early 2024, with data collection beginning in spring 2024. The final report was completed in December 2024.
The research was based on the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) working definition of antisemitism, adopted by 43 countries and several international organizations, including the EU and most of its member states.
Abstract: The research examines changes in online antisemitic narratives following the Hamas terror attack on Israel on 7 October 2023 and the subsequent war. These events led to a rise in antisemitism across Europe, underscoring the need to analyze how antisemitic narratives evolved online.
Conducted simultaneously in Hungary, Italy, Poland, and Romania using a unified methodology, the study focused on online textual content, including articles, comments, and Facebook posts. It analyzed content from 1–15 April in both 2023 and 2024, reviewing nearly 7,000 pieces per country. The research methodology and categories were finalised in late 2023 and early 2024, with data collection beginning in spring 2024. The final report was completed in December 2024.
The research was based on the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) working definition of antisemitism, adopted by 43 countries and several international organizations, including the EU and most of its member states.
Abstract: The research examines changes in online antisemitic narratives following the Hamas terror attack on Israel on 7 October 2023 and the subsequent war. These events led to a rise in antisemitism across Europe, underscoring the need to analyze how antisemitic narratives evolved online.
Conducted simultaneously in Hungary, Italy, Poland, and Romania using a unified methodology, the study focused on online textual content, including articles, comments, and Facebook posts. It analyzed content from 1–15 April in both 2023 and 2024, reviewing nearly 7,000 pieces per country. The research methodology and categories were finalised in late 2023 and early 2024, with data collection beginning in spring 2024. The final report was completed in December 2024.
The research was based on the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) working definition of antisemitism, adopted by 43 countries and several international organizations, including the EU and most of its member states.
Abstract: Antisemitism is still a significant problem in Polish society. This is the conclusion that emerges from the quantitative data from previous years and the statements of our interviewees.
Within the Jewish community, members often report encountering antisemitism in the form of unsavoury jokes and stereotypes rather than overt discrimination. However, conversations around the Holocaust and Polish-Jewish history frequently lead to antisemitic stereotypes and hate speech. Interestingly, the Holocaust is often the subject of jokes. This may be attributable to the perception of Jews as a historical minority who once lived in Poland.
In educational settings, courses on the Jewish community are overwhelmingly historical, primarily focusing on World War II. Almost all respondents, except non-Jewish youth, agree that contemporary Jewish topics are seldom covered in schools. This gap in multicultural education has led to a lack of understanding about nondiscrimination and minority-related issues across various age groups in Polish society.
While younger generations appear to be more tolerant toward minorities and more open to learning about them, the term "Jew" is still reportedly used as an insult among them. Discrimination is not limited to the Jewish community; focus group respondents also identified Ukrainians, Roma, people of colour, and the LGBTQ+ community as other discriminated groups. Despite the majority of focus group participants being women, only one person in each group cited women as a discriminated-against minority.
Abstract: In general, the Jewish population in Hungary has a high level of education and is in a good position socially and financially, according to the available literature and our interviewees. Those who identify as Jews are mostly non-religious and consider themselves predominantly European citizens or equally Jewish and Hungarian. According to research, the level of antisemitism in Hungary increased significantly around 2010, presumably due to the rise in popularity of the far-right Jobbik party. Since 2015, the available data show that the level of antisemitism has not changed significantly. At the same time, most interviewees reported a general increase in antisemitism in the country, citing the internet as the primary cause, as well as the family background, deficiencies of the education system, the polarisation of society, and the government‘s Soros campaign. In Hungary, antisemitism is most often manifested in the form of conspiracy theories, but other forms are also present (e.g. emotional antisemitism, new antisemitism). According to the available data, the most common form of antisemitism is hate speech. The number of hate crimes is negligible. At the political level, antisemitism emerged from the second half of the 2000s in connection with Jobbik and has been one of the tools of far-right parties (currently Mi Hazánk – Our Homeland) ever since, albeit in a less direct form than before, disguised by coded speech and appearing mainly as conspiracy theories. Although the Fidesz government announced zero tolerance towards antisemitism in 2013, it has focused its communication on several issues related to antisemitism in recent years. These include the campaign against George Soros, the glorification of antisemitic politicians (e.g. Miklós Horthy) and artists (e.g. Albert Wass) between the two world wars, the distortion of the memory of the Holocaust, and the fight against the global external enemy. Antisemitism is also present in the sports fan milieu, primarily in the football fan scene and especially in the ultra scene. According to a 2017 survey, half of Hungarian Jews have experienced antisemitism in their lifetime, and all of our Jewish interviewees mentioned such experiences. Many of them highlighted the government‘s antisemitism-related doubletalk’s negative effects on their sense of security. While antisemitism is undoubtedly present in Hungary, research and interviewees also suggest that society is much more prejudiced towards other minorities, especially the Roma, the LGBTQ+, and migrants. According to first-line practitioners, the extent to which antisemitism is present among students depends on the school. When it appears among students, it is primarily present in verbal forms, and often, there are no real antisemitic sentiments in the background. Several interviewees identified education as one of the most important tools to reduce antisemitism.
Abstract: This document was prepared based on the analysis of materials found through documentary research, in particular on materials and sources made available by the CDEC Foundation and the Union of Italian Jewish Communities (UCEI) portal, and on the analysis of data acquired through the responses of the interviewees intended to provide structured and documented information on the phenomenon of antisemitism in Italy today. In particular, the report focuses on the situation of Italian Jewish communities and Jewish life in its social, political, economic, cultural and religious dimensions.
The most substantial part of the report concerns the level of antisemitism in Italian society, its prevalent forms and the areas in which it manifests itself. With reference to the different manifestations of antisemitism, it’s pointed out which stereotypes are present in society and which are the most prevalent. From this analysis, it’s clear that the forms and areas in which antisemitism manifests itself differ according to the degree of schooling, cultural formation and socio-economic background of the perpetrators of antisemitic acts. Hence, it is difficult to identify the profile of the antisemite rigidly. The areas where acts of hatred and hate crimes are most prevalent are social media and sports, particularly soccer. Still, even in the political debate, it is evident that more or less latent forms of antisemitism related to Nazi-fascist ideology are present for far-right movements and anti-Zionism for the extreme left wing.
The report also aims to highlight which other minorities are most discriminated against in Italy and what stereotypes and prejudices associated with them, as well as what are the intersections between antisemitism and other forms of racism and intolerance. Considerable space is, finally, devoted to the educational strategies implemented in schools to counter and prevent antisemitism as the direction of the Italian Ministry of Education and Merit (IMPE) points to the dissemination and implementation of the Guidelines for Countering Antisemitism (2019) in public schools and the promotion of a culture of dialogue and peace.
Abstract: This research report presents the findings of an extensive study conducted in Romania between March and September 2023, focusing on the multifaceted issue of antisemitism in the country. The study provides an analysis of the contemporary situation of Jewish communities in Romania, the prevalence and perceptions of antisemitism, and
its intersection with other forms of intolerance.
Additionally, the report examines efforts to prevent antisemitism through educational initiatives. The research reveals that antisemitism in Romania has deep historical roots, and it is still pervasive and widespread. It typically takes the form of latent stereotypes and prejudices, manifested in narratives that are deeply intertwined with complex
conspiracy theories and nationalist interpretations of Romanian history. Many individuals are unaware
of the current-day expressions and manifestations of antisemitism, and this lack of awareness further
exacerbates the problem. Although Romania has introduced legislation in recent years to combat
antisemitism and other forms of discrimination and intolerance, the enforcement and implementation
of these laws are inconsistent and sporadic.
A positive development is the introduction of Holocaust education as a mandatory subject in high schools, starting in 2023. However, there are challenges in the effective implementation of this curriculum. Teachers call for clearer guidelines, training, and updated educational materials to ensure the new curriculum fulfils its goals. The research underscores the pressing need for efforts to acknowledge and address antisemitism in Romania. These efforts should include increasing awareness about contemporary manifestations of antisemitism, consistent enforcement of
existing legislation, and working collaboratively across sectors to strengthen Holocaust education
initiatives. These steps are essential in combating the deeply entrenched antisemitism in the country
and promoting a more inclusive and tolerant society for all.
Abstract: The Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany (Claims Conference) commissioned Schoen Cooperman Research to conduct a comprehensive national study of Holocaust Knowledge and Awareness in the Netherlands.
Schoen Cooperman Research conducted 2,000 interviews across the Netherlands. The margin of error for the study is 2 percent. This memo presents our key research findings and compares these findings with prior Claims Conference studies, which were conducted in five other countries.
Our latest study finds significant gaps in Holocaust knowledge and awareness in the Netherlands, as well as widespread concern that Holocaust denial and Holocaust distortion are problems in the Netherlands today.
We found that 23 percent of Dutch Millennials and Gen Z respondents believe the Holocaust is a myth, or that it occurred but the number of Jews who died has been greatly exaggerated – the highest percentage among Millennials and Gen Z respondents in all six countries the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against
Germany has previously studied.
Further, 29 percent of Dutch respondents, including 37 percent of Dutch Millennials and Gen Z respondents believe that two million or fewer Jews were killed during the Holocaust. Moreover, despite the fact that more than 70 percent of the Netherlands’ Jewish population perished during the Holocaust, a majority of Dutch respondents (53
percent), including 60 percent of Dutch Millennials and Gen Z, do not cite the Netherlands as a country where the Holocaust took place. Finally, 53 percent of Dutch respondents believe that something like the Holocaust
could happen again today.
Topics: Antisemitism, Main Topic: Antisemitism, Law, Policy, European Union, Antisemitism: Education against, Holocaust Commemoration, Holocaust Education, Hate crime, Jewish Heritage, Jewish Culture
Topics: Holocaust Education, Antisemitism: Education against, Curriculum and Schoolbooks, Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Israeli-Arab Conflict, Jewish - Muslim Relations, Islamophobia, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Schools: Non-Jewish, Teachers, Teaching and Pedagogy
Abstract: “DE KANARIE IN DE KOLENMIJN”
‘Dreiging’ is een moeilijk meetbaar fenomeen. Soms is het evident en expliciet; soms is een dreiging verborgen en sluimerend. Soms is er een duidelijke afzender en is het gericht tegen een duidelijk doelwit, in andere gevallen is het veel minder duidelijk.
Het huidige dreigingsbeeld wordt steeds minder duidelijk : er komen afzenders bij en er komen doelwitten bij. Hierdoor zou men kunnen concluderen dat de specifieke dreiging gericht tegen de Joodse gemeenschap, in vergelijking met voorgaande jaren, afneemt.
De Stichting Bij Leven En Welzijn (BLEW) heeft een dreigingsindex samengesteld, waarmee verschillende factoren zo objectief mogelijk kunnen worden gewogen. Deze index meet op een consistente wijze de dreiging door de jaren heen. Hierdoor ontstaat een objectief beeld van de ontwikkeling van het dreigingsniveau.
In tegenstelling tot wat men zou verwachten geeft de index aan dat het dreigingsniveau de laatste paar jaar toeneemt. Naast deze objectieve weging heeft BLEW een breed opgezet onderzoek naar het veiligheidsgevoel binnen de Joodse gemeenschap uitgevoerd. Ook uit deze kwalitatieve enquête komt het beeld naar voren dat joden zich steeds minder veilig voelen. Het veiligheidsgevoel neemt kortom af. Dit is overigens weer in overeenstemming met de metingen over het toenemende aantal antisemitische incidenten in Nederland en de landen om ons heen.
Ondanks dat men, op basis van de relatieve “rust” in Europa wat betreft aanslagen tegen joodse doelwitten in Europa, zou vermoeden dat de dreiging afneemt, is de conclusie van dit rapport overduidelijk en zorgwekkend :
Alle signalen wijzen op een verslechterde situatie. De toename van de dreigingsindex en de (globale en nationale) toename van het antisemitisme bevestigen het gevoel dat binnen de Joodse gemeenschap leeft dat het minder veilig wordt.
Helaas fungeren Joden al eeuwen als de ‘kanarie in de kolenmijn’. Zo ook in het huidig tijdgewricht, waar de bedreiging van joden en andere minderheden een prelude zal zijn van een probleem dat de gehele Nederlandse samenleving treft. Tenzij we nu gezamenlijk opstaan en alle kennis, kunde en ervaring samenbrengen om te zorgen dat de Dreigingsindex niet alleen een dalende lijn zal vertonen, maar vooral niet meer nodig zal zijn.
Het dreigingsrapport 2019 laat helaas zien dat dit doel nog ver weg is.
Abstract: Publiek Private samenwerking onvoldoende.
BLEW brengt nu voor de derde maal haar dreigingsrapport uit. Sinds ons eerste rapport, in 2014, is het denken rondom beveiliging drastisch veranderd. De conclusie van het eerste rapport was dat er op korte termijn meer beveiliging nodig was. Momenteel is de vraag niet of maar hoe we als Joodse gemeenschap, en in toenemende mate als maatschappij, ons kunnen beschermen tegen terrorisme.
Het antwoord op die vraag hangt af van de aard en mate van dreiging waarbij de ‘modus operandi’ (wijze van aanslag plegen) steeds wisselt. Deze blijft onverminderd hoog, maar de aard van de dreiging verandert: de weerbaarheid is weliswaar toegenomen maar de risico’s zijn groter geworden. De hogere alertheid en grotere weerbaarheid van met name de overheid vergroot de veiligheid, maar met een veel gevaarlijker en fatalere modus operandi waarbij het maken van veel slachtoffers in openbare en moeilijke te beveiligen doelen
prioritiet heeft is de dreiging niet als minder te kwalificeren.
De Joodse gemeenschap blijft een primair doelwit van jihadistisch terreur. De haat tegen het Westen, Israël en Joden in het bijzonder blijft ideologisch met elkaar verbonden. Het huidige dadersperspectief is onveranderd. De targets lijken echter, ook op ideologische gronden, te verschuiven naar meer algemeen Westerse ‘soft targets’ waarbij aanslagen worden gepleegd in onschuldige niets vermoedende menigtes: zelfmoordaanslagen, steekpartijen, doelbewuste aanrijdingen en schietpartijen met zware wapens.
De overheid ziet zich in snel tempo geconfronteerd met grote uitdagingen zoals aanslagen in openbare ruimtes, toenemende invloed van salafisme, radicalisering, terugkerende Nederlandse jihadisten, falend integratiebeleid, de vluchtelingenstroom en open grenzen.
De overheid intensiveert haar inzet door het uitbreiden van de Nationale Terrorisme Lijst, het mede-oprichten van een Europees Centrum voor Terrorisme Bestrijding, het ontmoedigen van het uitreizen naar Syrië onder radicale moslims, het beter controleren van vluchtelingen die Nederland binnenkomen en het opleiden van speciale eenheden van de Koninklijke Marechaussee.
De Stichting Bij Leven en Welzijn zet zich al 45 jaar in voor een veilige samenleving. BLEW heeft ervaring en expertise voor de beveiliging van een klein en kwetsbaar deel van onze samenleving; daarbij hebben wij een visie op de bescherming van de samenleving in bredere zin. Het gezamenlijke belang wordt steeds duidelijker zichtbaar. De enige manier om optimaal effectief te beveiligen is door samenwerking. Wij zien grote kansen voor de betere benutting van Publiek Private Samenwerkings verbanden (PPS) en hopen dat dit rapport een uitnodiging
zal zijn om deze verder te exploreren.
Abstract: De situatie is kritiek en het enige antwoord op korte termijn is beveiliging.
Hierbij presenteert Bij Leven En Welzijn (BLEW) haar eerste dreigingsrapport over de situatie van de Joodse gemeenschap in Nederland. Dit rapport heeft tot doel om het dreigingsbeeld voor de Joodse gemeenschap in Nederland in beeld te brengen.#
Naast een schets van de belangrijkste factoren die dit dreigingsbeeld bepalen introduceren wij de BLEW-index, waarmee objectief kan worden gemeten wat het dreigingsniveau op een bepaald moment is. Wij doen dit via de formule ‘Dreiging = Waarschijnlijkheid + Risico’.
Het rapport gaat in op de situatie van de afgelopen twee jaar. De reden hiervoor is dat de veiligheidssituatie sinds 2012, door het toenemen van het aantal (en het terugkeren van) uit Europa afkomstige jihadstrijders, significant is verslechterd. Dit jihadisme richt zich na terugkomst in Europa veelal tegen Westerse en specifiek Amerikaanse en Israëlische doelen. Omdat Amerikaanse en Israëlische doelen (zoals consulaten, ambassades en informatiecentra) in Europa zeer goed beveiligd zijn, worden Joodse soft-targets als synagogen, scholen en musea – voor velen synoniem aan Israëlisch – vanuit een daderperspectief interessantere en haalbare doelen.
Deze situatie wordt bovendien gevaarlijker omdat de duizenden naar Europa terugkerende Syriëgangers goed zijn getraind, zich niet gebonden voelen door landsgrenzen en onmogelijk permanent door de inlichtingendiensten kunnen worden gemonitord.
Deze en andere factoren zijn meegenomen in de BLEW-monitor, waarbij onze conclusie is dat het dreigingsniveau als ‘kritisch’ moet worden bestempeld en dat het belang van beveiliging voor de Joodse gemeenschap groter is dan ooit.
Reeds in 2012 heeft BLEW bij de relevante overheidsinstanties aangegeven dat de veiligheidssituatie voor de Joodse gemeenschap in Nederland kritisch begon te worden. Dit werd destijds niet gedeeld door de relevante overheidsinstanties. Na de aanslagen op Joodse instellingen in landen om ons heen (in 2012 in Toulouse en recentelijk Brussel) en het steeds grotere aantal uit vooral Syrië teruggekeerde jihadisten heeft de AIVD eind juni van dit jaar het rapport 'Transformatie van het jihadisme in Nederland' gepubliceerd. Onze conclusies sluiten hier bij aan. De Nederlandse jihadbeweging is omvangrijker dan ooit en vormt een toenemende bedreiging voor de nationale
veiligheid in het algemeen en de Joodse gemeenschap in het bijzonder.
Wij zijn dan ook van mening dat we met dit rapport zowel een belangrijke bijdrage zullen leveren aan het bewustzijn omtrent de veiligheidssituatie als aan die van de Joodse gemeenschap in Nederland.
Op het moment van publicatie is de Israëlische militaire operatie Protective Edge bezig in de Gazastrook. Deze operatie is begonnen om de onophoudelijke raketbeschietingen vanuit Gaza op Israël door Hamas en pogingen tot infiltratie van Israël door terroristen via tunnels te stoppen. Een concrete analyse van deze situatie is niet verwerkt in dit rapport, maar de (inter)nationale ontwikkelingen tonen nu reeds een duidelijk verband tussen militaire spanningen in het MiddenOosten en anti-Israël sentiment dat zich manifesteert in antisemitisme, ook in Nederland.
Abstract: Im vorliegenden Studienbericht werden die zentralen Befunde aus einer in Sachsen-Anhalt in den Jahren 2021–2023 durchgeführten Studie zu Antisemitismus im institutionellen Kontext Schule vorgestellt und diskutiert. Die Studie ist Teil einer Bundesländerstudienreihe, die seit 2017 am Forschungsbereich des Kompetenzzentrums für Antisemitismuskritische Bildung und Forschung durchgeführt wird – seit 2021 in einer institutionalisierten Forschungskooperation mit der Fachhochschule Potsdam.
Im Rahmen der Studienreihe wurden neben der Studie in Sachsen-Anhalt regionale Studien in Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Thüringen und Sachsen umgesetzt.
In einer bundesweiten Familienstudie wurden zudem Erfahrungen mit Antisemitismus an Schulen aus den Perspektiven jüdischer Jugendlicher und jüdischer Familien untersucht. Diese Befunde fließen in die Bundesländerstudienreihe mit ein und bilden die Grundlage für die Analyse jüdischer Erfahrungen im Kontext der Institution Schule. Das Erkenntnisinteresse der Bundesländerstudien betrifft in erster Linie die Wahrnehmungen, Deutungen und Praktiken im Umgang mit Antisemitismus in der Institution Schule aus den Perspektiven von (ehemaligen) jüdischen Schüler*innen, Lehrkräften und weiteren schulischen Fachkräften. Die vertiefenden Untersuchungen in einzelnen Bundesländern als Teil der Bundesländerstudienreihe sollen zudem
die Berücksichtigung regionaler gesellschaftlicher, bildungspolitischer und historischer Spezifika im Umgang mit Antisemitismus sowie langfristig einen Vergleich zwischen den Bundesländern ermöglichen.
In diesem Bericht gehen wir zunächst auf den Hintergrund der Studie in Sachsen-Anhalt ein, skizzieren exemplarisch den Forschungsstand, ordnen den methodologischen Zugang zu Antisemitismus als Diskriminierungs- und Gewaltform im institutionellen Kontext Schule ein, erläutern das Forschungsdesign und diskutieren schließlich die Befunde und Reflexionsempfehlungen. Zu beachten ist, dass die Daten vor dem antisemitischen Massaker durch islamistische Terrorgruppen in Israel im Oktober 2023 und dem darauffolgenden Anstieg des offenen Antisemitismus in Deutschland erhoben wurden. Dieser Bericht gibt somit vertiefte Einblicke in den Umgang mit Antisemitismus im Schulalltag in Sachsen-Anhalt aus jüdischen und nichtjüdischen Perspektiven vor dem Terror des 7. Oktobers. Studienteilnehmende einer anderen Studie (vgl. Chernivsky / Lorenz-Sinai 2024 b) zu den Auswirkungen des 7. Oktobers auf jüdische und israelische Communities beschreiben die Folgen des Terrorangriffs als weitreichende »Zäsur«. Jüdische Eltern schildern ihre Sorgen, dass die Bekanntgabe der jüdischen Identität ihrer Kinder im Kontext Schule gegen sie genutzt werden könnte. Insofern sind die Befunde aus der in den Jahren 2021–2023 in Sachsen-Anhalt durchgeführten Studie nicht veraltet, sondern bilden jüdische Alltagserfahrungen und Lehrer*innenperspektiven auf Antisemitismus ab. Zugleich kann auch in Sachsen-Anhalt seit dem 7. Oktober 2023 von einer Veränderung des Sicherheitsgefühls jüdischer Familien und Lehrkräfte im Raum Schule ausgegangen werden sowie von einer Zunahme antisemitischer Übergriffe.
Abstract: The report shares, for the first time, data on observing Succot in the UK, based on the responses of over 4,800 adult British Jews to the JPR 2025 Jews in Uncertain Times Survey. The report compares Succot observance with other Jewish New Year holidays and festivals, and explores who is more likely to celebrate Succot.
Some of the key findings in this report:
50% of Jews in the UK said they celebrate Succot in some way (e.g. attending synagogue, spending some time in a 'Succah', etc.)."
Compared with its neighbouring High Holidays, Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur, and with other Jewish festivals and practices, Succot is somewhat less commonly observed.
The larger the household size, the more likely it is that Succot is observed. Households with school-aged children at home are much more likely to celebrate Succot, especially if they are in Jewish schools.
74% of British Jews observe Rosh Hashanah rituals at home. 63% of British Jews fast on Yom Kippur most or all years.
Abstract: Swedish textbooks take a respectful and structured approach to complex historical subjects, including Jewish identity and the Holocaust, according to IMPACT-se’s Swedish textbook review. The study finds that Swedish textbooks generally align with curriculum guidelines and present Jews in a historically, demographically, and religiously neutral way. The Holocaust is comprehensively covered, with clear recognition of Jewish victimhood and historical events. Judaism is treated on equal footing with other world religions, and Jewish history and culture are described in detail. Stereotypical or prejudicial depictions are avoided.
However, the report also includes recommendations to further improve the curriculum. These include a critical refutation of antisemitic stereotypes and a full exploration of the reasons behind historical and modern antisemitism. Similarly, while the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is included with the intent of balance, it is frequently oversimplified, and consequently greater explanation of ideological perspectives and clarity around key terms is recommended.
Abstract: IMPACT‑se’s France Textbook Review—part of our eight‑country Europe research program—examines how Jews, Judaism, Israel and antisemitism are portrayed across the national history curriculum (Grades 4–9) and leading high school textbooks (Grades 10–12), measuring alignment with UNESCO standards for peace and tolerance.
While the report finds solid content on Jewish-related themes including antisemitism, the Holocaust and Israel, it also highlights gaps that obscure the fuller story of Jewish life. In particular, there is room for expansion on Jewish contributions to French society, Napoleon’s Jewish emancipation and Vichy collaboration during the Holocaust. Due to France’s strict separation of state and religion, Jewish content is included only in historical and civic contexts.
France hosts Europe’s largest Jewish community (about 446,000 people), but antisemitic incidents have surged—from 436 in 2022 to 1,676 in 2023—and high‑profile attacks such as the 2012 Toulouse school shooting and the 2015 Hypercacher supermarket massacre underscore the importance of accurate education.
Abstract: Raport stanowi unikatową analizę, w której centralnym elementem jest uwzględnienie potrzeb osób pokrzywdzonych (the attendance to the needs of victims is at the centre). Opiera się na analizie danych jakościowych i ilościowych oraz uwzględnia aspekty prawne i kwalifikacje karnoprawne.
Jego głównym celem jest ukazanie społecznych mechanizmów i form współczesnego antysemityzmu w Polsce, a także wskazanie obszarów wymagających kroków przeciwdziałających temu zjawisku.
Jest to już drugi raport roczny, w którym oprócz informacji na temat wyników badań i statystyk publikujemy rozdziały tematyczne. Są one poświęcone trendom online, które zaobserwowaliśmy w tym roku jako rosnące, są nimi intersekcjonalne ataki seksistowskie na kobiety identyfikowane jako Żydówki oraz zaprzeczanie i zniekształcanie prawdy historycznej o Holokauście, a także korelacjom występowania incydentów antysemickich z wydarzeniami w kraju i na świecie, oraz rozdział poświęcony wyborom prezydenckim.
Spis treści:
Wstęp
Metodologia
Zestawienie incydentów antysemickie zgłoszonych w roku 2024
Wizualizacja skali i dynamiki incydentów antysemickich
Przykłady incydentów o podłożu antysemickim
Szczególne narażenie kobiet identyfikowanych jako Żydówki
Współczesny negacjonizm Holokaustu jako broń w debacie politycznej
Od polityki globalnej do przemocy symbolicznej: analiza eskalacji incydentów
Wybory prezydenckie
Podsumowanie
Opis organizacji
Działania Żydowskiego Stowarzyszenia Czulent
Publikacja powstała w ramach projektu „Online antisemitism in Poland: establishment of a legal aid helpdesk, reporting and advocacy activities”, finansowanego z Fundacji „Pamięć, Odpowiedzialność i Przyszłość” (EVZ), realizowanego przez Żydowskie Stowarzyszenie Czulent.
Abstract: In this report:
As the 80th Session of the United Nations General Assembly approaches, and with key statesmen and leaders, including British Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer, announcing that their countries may recognise a Palestinian state at the summit, this report finds levels of agreement with the contention that “a two-state solution is the only way Israel will achieve peace with its neighbours in the Middle East” have fallen to below 50% among British Jews for the first time since records began.
The report is based on over 4,800 responses from members of the JPR Research Panel to the 2025 Jews in Uncertain Times Survey, conducted in June/July 2025.
Some of the key findings in this report:
49% of respondents agree with the two-state solution contention, compared with 54% a year ago, and 78% in 2010.
Despite the reported drop, support for the two-state solution remains the majority opinion among British Jews, as 41% disagree with it and 10% are not sure.
Younger Jews are found to be less likely to believe in the two-state solution than their elders, with over 40% of 16-29-year-olds showing a degree of support for a shared bi-national state.
Attitudes to support for the two-state solution correlate with Jews’ Jewish denominational positions, political allegiances and attitudes to Zionism.
Anti-Zionist Jews, who constitute a small minority of British Jews as a whole, are particularly likely to favour bi-nationalism over the two-state solution. The much larger, mainstream and orthodox communities overwhelmingly reject this position, but show considerable scepticism for the two-state solution, most likely on security grounds.
British Jews overwhelmingly reject the idea that ‘Israel should take over full control of Gaza.’
Abstract: This report from B’nai B’rith International, democ and the European Union of Jewish Students (EUJS) documents the surge of antisemitism on university campuses across Europe in the aftermath of the October 7, 2023 Hamas terrorist attack in Israel. Since then, Jewish students and faculty have faced harassment, intimidation and violence, creating a climate of fear and exclusion across campuses.
Universities that should safeguard open debate and diversity have instead seen antisemitic rhetoric, Holocaust distortion, glorification of Hamas and calls for “intifada.” Professors, radical student groups, and outside organizations have often fueled this atmosphere, while administrators too often failed to act.
Covering Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom, the report identifies repeated patterns: threats and assaults against Jewish students, antisemitic vandalism, incitement to violence, and weak or inconsistent institutional responses.
Topics: Jewish Identity, Jewish Involvment, Jewish Community, Main Topic: Identity and Community, Jewish Education, Jewish Schools, Youth Movements, Educational Tours, Family and Household, Age and Generational Issues, Denominations
Abstract: CST recorded 1,521 antisemitic incidents across the UK in the first half of 2025, the second-highest total ever reported to CST in the first six months of any year. This is a decrease of 25% from the 2,019 antisemitic incidents recorded by CST in the January- to-June period of 2024, which was the highest figure ever reported to CST for the first half of any year. CST recorded 965 incidents in the first six months of 2023, 823 from January to June 2022, and 1,371 in the first half of 2021.
The 1,521 anti-Jewish hate incidents recorded in the first six months of 2025 is a fall from the half-year record reported in 2024, but it is a significant total, fuelled by ongoing reactions to the conflict in the Middle East. It is 11% higher than the third- highest six-monthly figure of 1,371 incidents recorded in 2021, which itself was a result of antisemitic reactions to an escalation of conflict in the Middle East across May and June that year. Antisemitic incidents have been reported to CST at an increased rate since the Hamas terror attack in Israel on 7 October 2023. After an immediate and notable spike in anti-Jewish hate immediately following that date, observed before Israel had coordinated any large- scale on-the-ground military response in Gaza, incident levels eventually settled at a substantially higher average than prior to the attack.
In the six months leading up to 7 October 2023, CST recorded a monthly average of 161 antisemitic incidents per month. In the first six months of 2025, this monthly average stood at 254 incidents, a 58% increase from that earlier period. CST had only ever recorded monthly incident totals exceeding 200 on five occasions prior to October 2023, each correlating with past periods when Israel was at war.Since the 7 October attack, the only month in which CST logged an incident figure below 200 was December 2024. The current war in the Middle East has lasted the entirety of the period covered in this report and has continued to impact the volume and discourse of antisemitism reported to CST in the first six months of this year, as it has every month since October 2023.
Topics: Antisemitism, Main Topic: Antisemitism, Law, Policy, European Union, Antisemitism: Education against, Holocaust Commemoration, Holocaust Education, Hate crime, Jewish Heritage, Jewish Culture
Topics: Antisemitism, Main Topic: Antisemitism, Law, Policy, European Union, Antisemitism: Education against, Holocaust Commemoration, Holocaust Education, Hate crime, Jewish Heritage, Jewish Culture
Abstract: In this report, we have studied different facets of antisemitism on non-password protected social media outlets with user-generated content. Our results show that antisemitic content exists on all social media platforms. However, the amount of antisemitic content seems to vary with the degree of moderation on each platform. Since 2017, discussions about the ZOG conspiracy narrative have increased, while the Covid-19 pandemic has given rise to new antisemitic conspiracy theories. Conspiracy narratives are closely related to antisemitic stereotypes, which were found in 25% of posts mentioning Jews or Jewishness. The most common stereotypes being that Jews are powerful, deceptive, and manipulative. In our study, almost 35% of all posts mentioning Jews or Jewishness expressed negativity toward Jews. These posts were found mainly on minimally moderated platforms. Jews are also one of the groups that are targeted by toxic language online. Over 4,000 occurrences of explicit Holocaust denial terminology were found during a three-month period. National legislation is difficult to apply to the global internet. A joint effort by governments and platform companies is important to develop techniques that keeps antisemitic content from the internet, while education is necessary to prevent antisemitism before it goes online
