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Widerständiger Pragmatismus: Junge russischsprachige Juden in Deutschland
Translated Title: Resistant pragmatism: Young Russian-speaking Jews in Germany
Author(s): Körber, Karen
Date: 2019
Topics: Youth, Russian-Speaking Jews, Main Topic: Identity and Community, Immigration
Abstract: Seit den 1990er Jahren sind Hunderttausende Juden nach Deutschland gekommen. Die Kinder von damals sind heute erwachsen. Ihre Integration ist gelungen. Sozioökonomisch sind sie erfolgreicher als die Generation ihrer Eltern. Sie haben die deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft und bekennen sich zur politischen Ordnung der Bundesrepublik. Sie betrachten sich allerdings nicht umstandslos als Deutsche. Das hat mit ihren Erfahrungen zu tun. Als Migranten sind sie immer wieder Ausgrenzung, Diskriminierung und Antisemitismus begegnet. Fremdzuschreibung und Selbstidentifikation stehen in einem dynamischen Verhältnis und beeinflussen ihre Stellung in der Gesellschaft.
From Taboo to Acceptance: Romania, the Jews, and the Holocaust
Author(s): Waldman, Felicia
Date: 2008
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Holocaust Commemoration, Jewish Heritage
Abstract: The existence of Jews on Romanian territory was suppressed under Communism. Romania’s complicity in the Holocaust was a taboo. In the post-Communist era, attitudes were slow in changing. President Ion Iliescu’s remark that there had been no Holocaust on Romanian territory represented a particularly low point. Only with the integration of Romania into international organisations and the convening of the Elie Wiesel commission of inquiry did the climate change. Now Romania is increasingly willing to accept responsibility, to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust, and to integrate the country’s Jewish heritage into its national remembrance culture.
Moldova: The Holocaust as Political Pawn. The Awkward Treatment of Jewish Heritage
Author(s): Dumitru, Diana
Date: 2008
Topics: Memory, Jewish Heritage, Main Topic: Culture and Heritage, Holocaust Commemoration, Jewish Revival
Abstract: Moldova is having a hard time in finding an appropriate way to acknowledge
the Jewish heritage of Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Transnistria. It is
even more difficult to enshrine the remembrance of the victims of the
Shoah in the country’s collective memory, as an analysis of school books
shows. Commemoration of the Holocaust has become a political pawn in
a dispute over history and the politics of identity. Politicians and historians
are arguing over “Moldovanism” and “Romanianism”. Behind this is a
struggle over Moldova’s political orientation. Reviving Jewish community
life seems easier than working through the past and remembrance.
Repress, Reassess, Remember: Jewish Heritage in Lithuania
Author(s): Toleikis, Vytautas
Date: 2008
Topics: Memory, Jewish Heritage, Main Topic: Culture and Heritage, Holocaust Commemoration
Abstract: Very important centres of East European Jewish life used to be located
on the territory of modern Lithuania. Almost all of the Jews living there
were murdered by the Nazis and their Lithuanian accomplices. In the
Soviet Union, commemoration of the Jews and the preservation of their
heritage were taboo. This changed with Lithuanian independence. However,
the acceptance of co-responsibility in the murder of Lithuania’s
Jews has met with resistance within the political world. The refusal to
prosecute alleged perpetrators of the Holocaust is one vexing example.
However, the place of Lithuanian Jewish heritage is increasingly secure
in the view of history now found in society at large and among young
people in particular.
A Reluctant Look Back Jewry and the Holocaust in Ukraine
Author(s): Podol’s’kyi, Anatolii
Date: 2008
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Holocaust Commemoration, Restitution and Reparations, Memory
Abstract: Ukraine was once a centre of East European Jewish life. Most Ukrainian
Jews were killed during the Holocaust. Jewish culture in Ukraine perished
with them. In the Soviet Union, that culture slipped into oblivion. While
Ukraine’s official politics of remembrance omits the country’s Jewish heritage,
private individuals and organisations are trying to embed Jewish culture
and history as a part of Ukrainian identity in the public consciousness.
This is a painful process: It demands that Ukrainians recognise their share
of the responsibility in the annihilation of the Jews in their country.
A Stormy Turn for the Better Jewish Studies in Russia
Author(s): El’iashevich, Dimitrii; Mel’tsin, Maksim
Date: 2008
Topics: Main Topic: Education, Jewish Studies, Universities / Higher Education
Abstract: After a long hiatus under Soviet rule, Jewish Studies in Russia has taken a
stormy turn for the better since Perestroika. Schools and institutions for
adult education have been established. Numerous publications, research
institutes, and information centres now address Jewish topics. The emphasis
is on ethnographic field work and history, especially with regard to
the 20th century. But Russian academia still refuses to recognise Jewish
Studies as an independent field of study. A decline in private donations
has hit Jewish Studies in Russia particularly hard. And to this day, official
schoolbooks remain silent about Russia’s Jewish heritage.
Integration and Self-Assertion: The Jewish Community of Russia
Author(s): Charnyi, Semen
Date: 2008
Topics: Main Topic: Identity and Community, Jewish Community, Jewish Renewal, Jewish Revival
Abstract: After decades of discrimination, it has been possible to observe a renaissance of Jewish life in Russia since Perestroika. Despite the large-scale emigration of Jews, there is an active community life with schools, media, cultural facilities, and associations that look after Jewish interests. State antisemitism belongs to the past.
Fiddler as a Fig Leaf The Politicisation of Klezmer in Poland
Author(s): Waligórska, Magdalena
Date: 2008
Topics: Jewish Heritage, Main Topic: Culture and Heritage, Jewish Music, Klezmer, Jewish - Non - Jewish Relations
Abstract: Klezmer music has become very popular in Poland. The Festival of Jewish Culture in Cracow has gained national and international significance. Nonetheless, this is about more than music. The festival has become a litmus test, by which changes in the country’s political mood and its attitude towards its Jewish heritage is measured.
Disputed Memory: Jewish Past, Polish Remembrance
Author(s): Steffen, Katrin
Date: 2008
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Memory, Jewish Heritage, Antisemitism, Holocaust Survivors, Holocaust Commemoration
Abstract: Before the Second World War, over 3 million Jews lived in Poland. Almost all of them were killed during the Shoah. The Communist regime forbade commemoration of the Jews as a special group of victims. That has changed since 1990, but remembrance of the Jews still polarises Polish society. That is shown by the debate over Jedwabne and the postwar pogroms. There exists a competition of victims between Jews and Poles. A mythological and symbolic figure of “the Jew” is still at work in Polish memory. Moreover, a “virtual Jewry” has come into being at former sites of Jewish life.
Forgotten Memory The Jews of Vilne in the Diaspora
Author(s): Lipphardt, Anna
Date: 2008
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Memory, Jewish Heritage, Diaspora
Abstract: The way East European Jews are remembered is subject to increasing examination, but very little is known about how East European Jews remember. Most Holocaust survivors did not return to their hometowns and villages, but settled around the world. Jewish hometown associations, or landsmanshaftn, kept alive the memory of the places they had left behind, and the Holocaust. This is seen in the case of the Jews of Vilnius, or Vilne as it is called in Yiddish. The way they view the past differs fundamentally from the way Jews still living in Vilnius see it. This contains the potential for conflict over cultural heritage and the interpretation of history, as evidenced in the dispute over materials from the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research.