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Religious echoes of the Donbas conflict: The discourses of the Christian, Muslim and Jewish communities in Ukraine
Author(s): Zasanska, Nadia
Editor(s): Bogumił, Zuzanna; Yurchuk, Yuliya
Date: 2022
Topics: Main Topic: Other, Jewish - Non - Jewish Relations, Jewish - Christian Relations, War, Conflict, Discourse and Discourse Analysis, Memory
Abstract: Previous research on the ongoing Donbas conflict has mainly considered its political, national and historical dimensions, while studies of any religious input continue to be fragmented. This comparative study discusses how the Christian, Jewish and Muslim communities in Ukraine are narrating the Donbas conflict in digital media. In particular, the research explores the main themes and rhetorical strategies that appeared in six religious discourses during 2014–18. It also examines religious discourse in relation to the collective memory it constructs, mediates and shapes. The results demonstrate how religious organizations have shaped various images of the conflict by highlighting or backgrounding certain themes or by sacralizing events, actors and places from the collective past or present.
Echoes of the Shoah: British Jewry and the Bosnian War
Author(s): Summers, Luke
Date: 2024
Topics: Memory, War, Holocaust, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial
Abstract: This article explores how British Jews responded to the Bosnian War of 1992-1995. It questions how Jewish memories of the Holocaust influenced the way the community responded to the genocide in Bosnia. Using the British Jewish press as its source base, it identifies how British Jews extensively referenced the Shoah when responding to events in Bosnia. Highlighting a lack of international action to stop the Holocaust, British Jews attached a moral imperative to military intervention in Bosnia. It probes the idea that genocide in the Balkans had an important role in the expansion, and universalization, of Holocaust consciousness in the 1990s.
Holocaust Remembrance, the Cult of the War, and Memory Laws in Putin’s Russia
Author(s): Koposov, Nikolay
Editor(s): Barkan, Elazar; Lang, Ariella
Date: 2022
Topics: Holocaust Commemoration, Holocaust, Communism, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Memory, Law, Nationalism, War
Abstract: The chapter examines the Russian laws that regulate collective representations of the past and commemorative practices in the context of the conflict between the “cosmopolitan” memory of the Holocaust and the Soviet/Russian war myth. The author argues that protecting the Soviet/Russian cult of the war is the main objective of the government’s politics of memory, including legislation of the past. Attempts to integrate Holocaust remembrance into this cult, undertaken since 2008 and especially 2015, have resulted in positive changes in Holocaust education and commemoration. Its memory, however, is used manipulatively and remains peripheral to Russia’s war myth which is focused on the country’s military glory. This makes Russian laws the opposite of West European memory laws, which protect the memory of the victims of state-sponsored crimes.
Shadows of identity: the experience of Jewish soldiers in the Ukrainian military
Author(s): Iermakov, Nadia; Stern, Nehemia; Ben-Shalom, Uzi
Date: 2024
Topics: War, Military Service, Ukraine-Russia war (since 2014), Main Topic: Identity and Community, Interviews, Jewish Identity
Abstract: This article delves into the study of Jewish identity within the Ukrainian army, providing a detailed exploration of the experiences of soldiers with Jewish backgrounds fighting at the front lines of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Considering the historical complexities and contemporary challenges faced by the Jewish community in Ukraine, the study investigates how military service transforms the national and ethnic self-identification of Jewish soldiers. Through interviews and comprehensive contextual analysis, we illuminate their personal narratives, ways of expressing identity, common features, inclusivity, and the adaptation of diverse cultural backgrounds within the Ukrainian army.‏ Our study contends that within the military landscape of the ongoing war, the perception of Jewish identity in Ukraine undergoes a significant shift, becoming more prominent and tangible. This transformation imbues the lives of Jewish soldiers with a profound sense of pride and uniqueness.
Fragmented lives and fragmented histories in Odesa
Author(s): Sapritsky-Nahum, Marina
Editor(s): Wanner, Catherine
Date: 2024
Topics: War, Main Topic: Other, Anthropology, Ethnography, Interviews, Oral History and Biography, Ukraine-Russia war (since 2014)
Abstract: This chapter focuses on the city of Odesa and its altered reality after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. It discusses the different levels of fragmentation that run through the everyday life of a city and its residents and create fissures in identity and kinship, upheavals and reversals of historical memory, and challenges for conducting research during the war. Ukraine has an unusually complex ethno-linguistic and religious composition, with inherited historical divides. As a borderland, it constituted a pronounced case of political and national fragmentation even before the war. Odesa has its own forms of fragmentation, populated as it is by a rich amalgam of people and cut through with the afterlives of empires. The war has intensified all of these forms of fragmentation, bringing different histories into the present. The chapter addresses fragmentation on three different scales: the vignettes of Jewish Odesans reflecting on the war in the contexts of self, family, community, city, and nation; the historical narratives and historical truths revealed by the term “denazification,” which has served as Putin’s justification for the invasion of Ukraine.; and the reflections of a fragmented anthropologist, highlighting ethical dilemmas and practical difficulties of researching a constantly changing and deeply painful reality during the war.
Jewish Odesa: Negotiating Identities and Traditions in Contemporary Ukraine
Author(s): Sapritsky-Nahum, Marina
Date: 2024
Topics: Jewish Identity, Main Topic: Identity and Community, War, Religious Denominations, Religious Observance and Practice, Reform/Liberal/Progressive Judaism, Orthodox Judaism, Ethnography, Ukraine-Russia war (since 2014)
Abstract: Jewish Odesa: Negotiating Identities and Traditions in Contemporary Ukraine explores the rich Jewish history in Ukraine's port city of Odesa. Long considered both a uniquely cosmopolitan and Jewish place, Odesa's Jewish character has shifted since the Soviet Union collapsed and Ukraine gained its independence.

Drawing on extensive field research, Marina Sapritsky-Nahum, examines how the role of Russian language and culture, memories of the Soviet political project, and Odesan's place in a Ukrainian national project have all been questioned in recent years.

Jewish Odesa reveals how a city once famous for its progressive Jewish traditions has become dominated by Orthodox Judaism and framed by the agendas of international Jewish organizations embedded in a religiosity that is foreign to the city. Russia's war in Ukraine has forced Jewish identities with ties to Odesa to change still further.
Antisemitismus und der Ukraine-Krieg. Zivilgesellschaftliches Lagebild Antisemitismus 9
Translated Title: Antisemitism and the Ukraine war. Civil society situation report on antisemitism 9
Date: 2022
Topics: Main Topic: Antisemitism, Antisemitism: Monitoring, Antisemitism, Anti-Zionism, War, Ukraine-Russia war (since 2014)
Abstract: Das Frühjahr 2022 wird von dem russischen Angriffskrieg auf die Ukraine überschattet – und von den antisemitischen Stereotypen und Ressentiments, die in Deutschland im Zuge des Krieges zu verzeichnen sind. Aus Kreisen der Verschwörungstheoretiker:innen werden antisemitische Narrative um den Krieg in der Ukraine erweitert. Die Berichterstattung über den Krieg verwendet antisemitische Elemente und scheut sich nicht vor antisemitischen Vergleichen und Relativierungen. Der Ukraine-Krieg ist zudem auch ein Krieg der Erinnerung, die wichtige Holocaustgedenkstätte in Babyn Jar wurde bombardiert und Shoah-Überlebende ermordet. Einige Überlebende konnte die ZWST zusammen mit anderen Organisationen schon retten. Aron Schuster erklärt im Interview die Details.

Doch nicht nur im Kontext des Krieges zeigt sich die deutsche Kontinuität von Antisemitismus. Zu finden ist sie auch auf Demonstrationen, auf denen antizionistische Parolen gerufen werden und in der Verherrlichung der Intifada.
Doch wann sind Berichte und Erklärungen des Krieges in der Ukraine antisemitisch? Welche weiteren Spielarten kennt der Antisemitismus in Deutschland? Wie nimmt die jüdische Gemeinde diese auf und wie wird damit umgegangen?
Generative AI and Contestation and Instrumentalization of Memory About the Holocaust in Ukraine
Author(s): Makhortykh, Mykola; Vziatysheva, Victoria; Sydorova, Maryna
Date: 2023
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, AI, Holocaust, Nationalism, Memory, Internet, War
Decoding Antisemitism: An AI-driven Study on Hate Speech and Imagery Online. Discourse Report 4
Translated Title: Decoding Antisemitism: Eine KI-gestützte Untersuchung von Hassrede und -bildern im Internet. Diskursreport 34
Author(s): Becker, Matthias J
Date: 2022
Topics: Antisemitism, Antisemitism: Discourse, Antisemitism: Monitoring, Internet, Social Media, Main Topic: Antisemitism, War, Terrorism, Attitudes to Israel, Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Boycott Divestment and Sanctions (BDS)
Abstract: The fourth Discourse Report analyses antisemitic responses to two major international events: the Russian invasion of Ukraine and an eruption of terrorist violence in Israel in early 2022. In the case of the attacks on Israeli civilians, antisemitic posts legitimise the recourse to violence by painting victims of terrorism as aggressors. In the same vein, it encourages grossly simplified views of complex geopolitical situations by pushing misplaced analogies between the Arab-Israeli conflict and the war of aggression waged by Russia against Ukraine.

Moreover, the report examines four national case studies: novelist Sally Rooney’s boycott of Israeli publishers in the UK, the Pegasus spyware affair in France, the controversies around singer Gil Ofarim and the documenta 15 art exhibition in Germany. In all cases, users engage in a form of delegitimisation and demonisation of the state of Israel. Our analysis demonstrates again how antisemitism can deftly attach itself to any debate in society, thus reaching very different audiences.

In addition, the first steps in using our annotated data sets for machine learning approaches are presented. The implementation of our first artificial intelligence model to automatically detect antisemitic content in web comments already yielded promising results.
Anti-Semitism in the Propaganda and Public Discourse in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus during the Russia-Ukraine War (February – August 2022)
Author(s): Gershovich, Leonid (Leon)
Date: 2023
Topics: Antisemitism, Conflict, War, Main Topic: Antisemitism, Ukraine-Russia war (since 2014)
Abstract: This paper explores and analises aspects of Antisimetism and the Jewish theme in the Russian, Belarusian and Ukraninan propaganda during the first seven months of the Russian-Ukrainian war.
Conspiracy theory in Serbian culture at the time of the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia
Author(s): Byford, Jovan
Date: 2002
Topics: Antisemitism: Christian, Antisemitism: Far right, War, Main Topic: Antisemitism
Abstract: The thesis examines Serbian conspiracy culture at the time of the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in the spring of 1999. During the war, conspiratorial themes became a regular occurrence in Serbian mainstream media, as well as in pronouncements by the Serbian political establishment. For the most part, conspiratorial explanations focused on the machinations of transnational elite organisations such as the Bilderberg group or, more generally, on the conspiracy of 'the West'. However, conspiratorial accounts of the war occasionally invoked themes which were previously deemed to be beyond the boundaries of acceptable opinion, such as the allusion to a Jewish conspiracy or to the esoteric and occult aspects of the alleged plot. The thesis outlines the history of conspiracy theories in Serbia and critically reviews psychological approaches to understanding the nature of conspiracy theories. It suggests that the study of conspiratorial discourse requires the exploration of the rhetorical and argumentative structure of specific conspiratorial explanations, while paying special attention to the historical and ideological context within which these explanations are situated. The thesis is largely based upon the examination of the coverage of the war in the Serbian press. Recorded conversations with two well-known Serbian conspiracy theorists are also analysed. The study suggest that conspiratorial interpretations of the war drew upon a longstanding conspiracy tradition of explanation which has a strong anti-semitic legacy and is rooted in right-wing Christian ideology. Analytic chapters explore the discursive and ideological dynamics by which the anti-semitic and mystical aspects of the conspiracy tradition emerged briefly in Serbian mainstream media and political discourse. The thesis concludes by examining the status of conspiracy theories in Serbia in the aftermath of the political changes in October 2000.
From Donetsk to Tel Aviv: Czech Antisemitic Movements Respond to the Russian-Ukrainian War
Author(s): Tarant, Zbyněk
Editor(s): Rosenfeld, Alvin H.
Date: 2019
Topics: Main Topic: Antisemitism, Antisemitism, Antisemitism: Far right, War
Еврейская община Украины на фоне российской агрессии и связанного с войной экономического кризиса: Общинный отчет украинского отделения Конфедерации общих сионистов, подготовленный к 37-му Сионистскому конгрессу
Translated Title: The Jewish Community of Ukraine Against the Background of Russian Aggression and the War-Related Economic Crisis: Community Report of the Ukrainian Branch of the Confederation of General Zionists for the 37th Zionist Congress
Date: 2015
Topics: Jewish Community, Jewish Organisations, Antisemitism, Demography, Main Topic: Identity and Community, War
Инструментализация антисемитизма в контексте российско-украинского конфликта
Translated Title: Instrumentalization of Antisemitism in the Context of the Russian-Ukrainian Conflict
Author(s): Лихачев, Вячеслав Андреевич
Date: 2020
Topics: Conflict, Diplomacy, Antisemitism, Main Topic: Antisemitism, War, Ukraine-Russia war (since 2014)
Abstract:
Статья посвящена анализу инструментального использования темы антисемитизма в официальном дискурсе и информационно-пропагандистских кампаниях, сопровождавших обострение российско-украинских отношений и начало вооруженного конфликта весной 2014 г. Анализ свидетельствует о чрезвычайно важном месте, которое занимала гиперболизированная проблема антисемитизма в обосновании активного российского вмешательства в политические процессы в Украине. Эта проблематика рассматривается в историческом контексте: в статье прослеживаются истоки информационных кампаний, инструментализующих антисемитизм в контексте российско-украинских отношений в предшествовавшие годы. Автор указывает на постепенный рост значения этой темы, а также анализирует причины, по которым она приобрела столь
важное значение в ходе российско-украинского конфликта. Кроме того автор обращает внимание на опасность инструментализации темы антисемитизма в пропагандистской риторике и социально-событийной инженерии, поскольку это может привести к реальному усилению антисемитизма