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Les « pensions de ghetto » accordées par l’Allemagne. Errements d’une indemnisation, 1997‑2015
Translated Title: Ghetto Labour Pensions in Germany. Meanders in Compensation, 1997‑2015
Author(s): Lehnstaedt, Stephan
Date: 2018
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Restitution and Reparations, Ageing and the Elderly, Care and Welfare, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly
Abstract: Cet article analyse la politique de « réparation » allemande au début du xxie siècle à travers l’exemple de ce qu’on désigne sous l’expression « pensions de ghetto ». Il se fonde sur des documents rendus accessibles par la Loi sur la liberté de l’information. À partir de 2002, d’anciens internés des ghettos ont pu bénéficier du système de sécurité sociale allemand s’ils étaient à même de prouver qu’ils avaient travaillé dans des conditions bien spécifiques. Jusqu’en 2009 cependant, plus de 90 % des requêtes ont été rejetées parce que les fonds de pension et le gouvernement souhaitaient avant tout faire des économies, sans que les juges aient marqué leur volonté de mettre fin à ce scandale. Ce n’est qu’en 2009 qu’une décision historique a modifié ce comportement mais même depuis lors il apparaît clairement qu’aujourd’hui comme dans la seconde moitié du xxe siècle, de telles indemnisations sont perçues en Allemagne comme un fardeau indésirable.
D’un désem-boite-ment générationnel à l’ouverture d’une boite en héritage : clinique actuelle auprès d’enfants des survivants de la Shoah, ex-enfants juifs cachés durant l’Occupation
Translated Title: From a generational unboxing to the opening of a legacy box: current clinic with children of Holocaust survivors, former Jewish children hidden during the Occupation
Author(s): Feldman, Marion
Date: 2023
Topics: Age and Generational Issues, Covid-19 Pandemic, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Holocaust Survivors, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Psychotherapy / Psychoanalysis
Abstract: Cet article se propose de rendre compte d’une clinique particulière auprès d’aidants de conjoints et de parents atteints de la maladie d’Alzheimer survivants de la Shoah, anciens enfants juifs cachés en France durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
Après une description de ce dispositif innovant et de la particularité de la psychopathologie des ex-enfants juifs cachés et de leur descendance, nous monterons comment le confinement imposé en 2020 en raison de la crise sanitaire produite par la circulation de la Covid-19 a impacté ces suivis cliniques et a fonctionné comme un effet loupe du « télescopage des générations », tel un emboitement générationnel.
À partir d’un suivi clinique particulier, nous décrirons comment la réception d’une boite en héritage, a permis de travailler à un désem-boite-ment générationnel et à soutenir une dynamique d’élaboration.
Specific Aspects in the Life and Care of the Offspring of Shoah Survivors in Germany
Author(s): Zielke-Nadkarni, Andrea
Editor(s): Tydor Baumel-Schwartz, Judith; Shrira, Amit
Date: 2023
Topics: Holocaust Survivors, Holocaust Survivors: Children of, Holocaust Survivors: Grandchildren of, Care and Welfare, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Trauma, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Jewish Populations and Ethnicities: Russian-Speaking and Former Soviet Jewish Diaspora, Age and Generational Issues
Abstract: In 1945, only about 15-20,000 Jewish citizens continued their lives in post-Nazi Germany. The majority were survivors of the Shoah. In 1991 a special agreement between Germany and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) gave any Jewish person from the CIS the right to immigrate into Germany. In due course the number of Jews in Germany slowly rose to reach about 200,000 in 2022.

This chapter presents the results of a qualitative explorative study on the biographies of second/third generation (2g/3g) offspring of survivors of Nazi persecution living in Germany today. It aims at eliciting the various aspects of the special trauma inheritance from this target group with view to their lives in Germany and their dependence on professional carers when in need of nursing care.

Semi-structured interviews based on the method of Grounded Theory were employed to investigate their social and family situation. Findings confirm that religion next to culture combined with a high education level is one of the keys to Jewish identity in Germany, and consequently a key to a person-centered nursing care.
‘Working Together’ Community strengths and assets in Greater Manchester
Date: 2023
Topics: Main Topic: Other, Jewish Community, Jewish Organisations, Strategic Planning, Policy, Demography, Denominations: Haredi / Strictly Orthodox, Care and Welfare, Health, Children, Poverty, Housing, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Age and Generational Issues, Youth: Jewish
Abstract: At 28,075 Jewish people, Greater Manchester recorded the largest Jewish population in the UK
outside of London and adjacent Hertfordshire. At first sight, it appears to have grown by 12%
between 2011 and 2021, most likely driven largely by high birth-rates among the strictly Orthodox
community. Similarly, if the data eventually proves to be accurate, this constitutes a growth of 29%
over the twenty years between 2001 and 2021. Provisional estimates of the Haredi community
based on other data sources (such as Manchester Connections) suggest that the Haredi community
could be as large as 22,778 but, again, further analysis is needed before any firm conclusions can be
drawn. Whatever the final numbers, it is clear that Greater Manchester, which includes the largest
Eruv in the UK with a perimeter of more than 13 miles, covering parts of Prestwich, Crumpsall and
Higher Broughton, is an important and growing centre of Jewish life.

This report was commissioned by Jewish Representative Council of Greater Manchester & Regions
(GMJRC) to research and analyse community strengths and provide a mapping of Jewish
organisations in the Greater Manchester area. It was overseen by the GMJRC strategic group – a
group that was formed of Councils and organisations across the Jewish religious spectrum as a
response to the pandemic. It reviews services in seven themes: Children & Young People; Adult
Services; Older People; Health; Employment; Emergency Response; and Housing. As well as looking
at delivery, governance, leadership, and building assets, it also tries to understand where the gaps
and support needs are. As the demographics and relative sizes of the mainstream and strictly
Orthodox Jewish populations continue to change, this study represents an important examination
of both the challenges and opportunities of how the respective communities work together. As
these populations change across the UK, and beyond, the study will have significance to other cities
where these Jewish communities exist side by side.

The Institute of Jewish Policy Research (JPR) used a variety of data sources to identify organisations
delivering in each theme and built maps of that data which can be seen throughout this report.
Mobilise Public Ltd use several methods to gather data from these organisations in each theme.
The main approach was qualitative, using stakeholder interviews and focus group discussions with a
purposely selected sample of these organisations, and the evidence collected was supplemented
with a short survey which was issued to a larger number of organisations. The research was
coproduced with a subset of the strategic group through a series of facilitated sessions and was
designed to build a good understanding of delivery in each theme as well as an understanding of
challenges and opportunities in readiness for the strategic group to develop a more integrated
strategy for the Greater Manchester Jewish community
Social Support Networks and Loneliness Among Elderly Jews in Russia and Ukraine
Author(s): Iecovich, Esther; Barasch, Miriam; Mirsky, Julia; Kaufman, Roni; Avgar, Amos; Kol-Fogelson, Aliza
Date: 2004
Topics: Ageing and the Elderly, Main Topic: Other, Post-Communist Transitions, Social Capital, Surveys, Networks, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly
Abstract: The collapse of the Soviet Union had devastating consequences for the lives of its population, especially for older adults, many of whom became impoverished and were left with no social support. Using data from a survey of 2,579 elderly Jews in two of the largest countries of the former Soviet Union, Russia and Ukraine, we examine variables that affect their feeling of loneliness. Unmarried and childless elderly persons reported the highest feelings of loneliness. Married elderly persons who maintained frequent contact with their children felt least lonely. Moreover, married and unmarried elderly persons who did not maintain frequent contact with relatives or friends were lonelier than those who maintained such contact. The characteristics of social networks were significantly correlated with loneliness. The findings also showed that Jews in Ukraine had fewer social networks and felt lonelier compared to Jews in Russia.
To move or not to move? Decision-making about migration or ageing-in-place for older Orthodox Jewish people from Gateshead
Author(s): Raffles, Larissa Ellen
Topics: Ageing and the Elderly, Age and Generational Issues, Main Topic: Other, Migration and Migrants (General and Unspecified), Family and Household, Denominations: Haredi / Strictly Orthodox, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly
Abstract: When older people move from where they live to go elsewhere, if the distances are short it is called relocation, or if the move is over state or national borders, migration. Push factors are dissatisfaction with the present residence, or incapacities; leading to short-distance moves to be near, or to cohabit with, adult children, in order to receive support. These individuals are the ‘old-old’ and ‘oldest-old’, mostly single, poorer, and less healthy. A pull factor is when people want to access a better lifestyle and an increased standard of living. These long-distance migrants tend to be ‘young-old’, healthier, financially secure, newly retired, and married. This thesis explores the migration and relocation of older Orthodox Jews from Gateshead, and studies the priorities and criteria that influence the decision-making process, as well as triggers and barriers to leaving. Being a member of this community, I conducted this research as an insider using constructivist grounded methodology. I conducted 33 in-depth interviews with older people who have migrated or not, including nine with adult children. The migrants ranged from ‘young-old’ to ‘oldest-old’, were married, generally in good health and well-rooted in their community, with extensive social and work attachments in Gateshead. This represents a unique migration in that they are not moving for care, or out of necessity or dissatisfaction, nor are they aiming to increase their standard of living, but to live near and help their children. The decision-making process is both complex and multi-layered. The older people ordered their priorities and considered how their decisions would affect them and their wider network, and taking into account all their resources, select the option that best met everyone’s needs. Decisions were influenced by interdependency with children, neighbours, friends and work colleagues. This interdependency, in which work and volunteering played significant roles, was mediated by reciprocity, the desire not to be a burden, and to remain independent and autonomous. The children facilitated anything that aided these priorities. It was also clear that the demarcation of 65 years as the beginning of an ‘old age’ marked by dependency and infirmity is both arbitrary and inaccurate. Policy makers should recognise the contributions older people can and do make to families and communities. Facilitating and supporting these contributions would improve the health and well-being of older people.
Hardship And Needs Of Elderly Hesed Clients: An Analysis Of Clients Served By Hesed Service Centers In Russia & Ukraine
Author(s): Tighe, Elizabeth; Magidin de Kramer, Raquel; Bleckman, Dina; Begli, Nursahedov; Saxe, Leonard
Date: 2012
Topics: Ageing and the Elderly, Care and Welfare, Health, Evaluation and Impact, Main Topic: Other, Social Services, Social Work, International Aid and NGOs, Jewish Community: Community Development, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Poverty
Abstract:

The countries of the Former Soviet Union (FSU) are the home today for a substantial number of Jews, many of whom live in poor, economically disadvantaged communities. Throughout the FSU, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) has supported the development of Hesed welfare and Jewish community centers to assist in the provision of services to Jews in need and to support the renewal of Jewish life after years of suppression. The present report is designed to review the current economic, health, and social conditions of these elderly Jews in need in the FSU and to compare their circumstances, as best possible, to their counterparts who live in western countries such as the United States.

Data from a large number of sources are reviewed and analyzed, including national statistics, national and local surveys, and client-level data. The data indicate clearly that, in view of demographic composition, as well as economic and social conditions, elderly Jews in the FSU have tremendous needs for supportive services funded by philanthropy compared to their peers in the United States. The comparisons also highlight the disparities in available care among those most in need.

There is a clear need for external support for basic health and social services for elderly Jews in the FSU. Twenty years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, there is not an adequate safety net for the elderly. The situation is in flux and there are unique challenges associated with understanding service delivery in societies that are in transition. The available data on pensions and living circumstances make clear that the economic situation for elderly in the FSU who seek Hesed services is dire. Faced with increasing costs for basic needs such as utilities and food, along with health services including essential medicines, quality care and homecare, the pension amounts that Hesed clients rely on are inadequate to meet their needs.
Co-creative Affordance: Rethinking “Beyond Loss” in Dementia through Co-dwelling
Author(s): Jong-min, Jeong
Date: 2020
Topics: Ageing and the Elderly, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ethnography, Mental Health, Main Topic: Other
Abstract: Based on a decade of voluntary work and a year of intensive ethnographic fieldwork in an orthodox Jewish care home in London, I demonstrate the ways in which an individual’s loss of cognition, language and memory is challenged, rethought and facilitated in everyday life. Drawing on Ingold’s idea of dwelling, I examine how loss is constantly negotiated and distributed in ways of becoming that are radically contingent, profoundly relational and potentially generative during an art activity in the context of co-dwelling. I refer to this as dementia-becoming. I suggest a more inclusive understanding of loss as a way of life, constitutive of life, and appreciated as a potential co-creative affordance.
“Please call my daughter”: Ethical practice in dementia care as an art of dwelling
Author(s): Jong-min, Jeong
Date: 2020
Topics: Ageing and the Elderly, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ethnography, Main Topic: Other
Abstract: This article aims to extend the current understanding of ethical practice within a dementia context, in which people living with dementia are often taken for granted as mere beneficiaries of care, rather than as co-producers in day-to-day care practice. Building on a decade of voluntary work and a year of fieldwork (including six weeks’ intensive observation of nightlife) at a Jewish care home in London, I pay attention to the affective dimension of ethical practice at the moment of sleep disturbance of a resident with dementia. Inspired by Heidegger’s concept of dwelling, I understand the episode not as pathological, but as a process through which ethical subjects emerge in the making of ongoing, entangled ethical endeavors. I argue that ethical practice is neither predetermined nor random: rather, it is the way in which those involved continuously respond and attune to the ever-changing circumstances: what I call an ‘art of dwelling’.
The Affective Creativity of a Couple in Dementia Care
Author(s): Jong-min, Jeong
Date: 2020
Topics: Ageing and the Elderly, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Main Topic: Other, Ethnography
Abstract: The capacity to feel and express themselves in response to worldly surroundings is a defining feature of who a person living with dementia is, and can have profound effects on the ways in which they think, act and express creativity. Drawing on a year of intensive collaborative work with residents living with dementia in an Orthodox Jewish care home in London, I extend our perceptions and understandings of how a couple experiences their day-to-day lives, with particular attention paid to their affective practice in creativity. I demonstrate how the affective creativity of the couple emerges, circulates, and transforms as a spouse’s dementia develops, whilst feeling bodies continuously (re)make relations and familiarize themselves with the immediate surroundings through the making of artworks.
공동주거 기술로서의 정동적 실천: 영국의 정통유대인요양원에서 인지증(치매)과 사는 에일라의 사례를 중심으로
Translated Title: Affective Practice as an Art of Co-dwelling: an Ethnographic Case Study on Ayla Living with Dementia in an Orthodox Jewish Care Home in London
Author(s): Jong-min, Jeong
Date: 2020
Topics: Ageing and the Elderly, Main Topic: Other, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ethnography
Abstract: 지금까지 인지증(치매) 연구는 주로 생의학적·약학적·치료적 측면에 집중되었다. 이러한 접근은 인지증과 사는 사람의 목소리를 놓친다. 본고는 영국의 정통유대인요양원에서 인지증과 사는 에일라의 사례를 통해, 그녀가 실제 몸으로 느끼고 상상하는 삶을 보여주고 그 의미와 가치를 드러내고자 한다. 이 연구에서는 인지증이 진행됨에 따라 나타나는 반복적인 행위나 말을 비정상적이거나 병리적인 현상으로 간주하지 않고 삶의 한 방식으로 이해한다. 여기에 웨더웰(Wetherell)의 ‘정동적 실천(affective practice)’개념과 인골드(Ingold)의 ‘주거 관점’ 및 ‘분위기’와 ‘만들기’ 개념을 결합하여, 인지·언어·판단·수행능력 등을 잃어감에도 불구하고 끊임없이 현실에 참여하고 세상과 관계 맺는 일상의 실천을 정동적인 측면에서 밝힌다. 이를 통해 에일라가 제한적이지만 정동적 실천을 통해 요양원을 어떻게 경험하고 새로운 정동적 분위기를 만드는 것에 기여하는지를 묘사하고 분석한다. 이 과정에서 에일라가 영향을 미치기도 하고 받기도 하는 공동생산자이자 실질적인 구성요소로서 존재하고 있음을 보여줄 것이다.
Becoming-dementia as an Immanent Condition of Co-dwelling in Everyday Life
Author(s): Jong-min, Jeong
Date: 2017
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ethnography, Health, Mental Health, Main Topic: Other, Volunteering and Voluntary Sector Organisations, Ageing and the Elderly, Care and Welfare
Abstract: What have those living with dementia lost? If they have lost aspects of their mind and self, who are they now? Are they 'normal'? Prevailing medical, therapeutic and sociopsychoanalytic interventions and studies on dementia, largely influenced by Tom Kitwood's person-centred approach, have focused mainly on revealing and evaluating the remaining intact bodily abilities and functions beyond loss. In contrast to this predominant understanding of dementia, my decade-long involvement in a Jewish Care Home as a volunteer and researcher has raised ontological, epistemological and practical critiques, acknowledging that we are never beyond loss but always alongside it, and that we simply do not know how to dwell well with it. Although the expressive and performative words, gestures and behaviours of those with dementia are often regarded as inarticulate, repetitive and nonsensical, these are the lived worlds of dementia that those affected feel, experience and live through, whilst continuously making relations and familiarising themselves with people, things, and their surroundings. This demands a paradigm shift in the ontological, epistemological and practical horizon within the study of dementia. Critically developing Canguilhem's notion of the normal and the abnormal, Ingold's dwelling perspective and Deleuze's concept of becoming, I redefine dementia not as a fixed mode of being but as a continuous process of becoming-dementia through an attentive engagement with one's immediate surroundings. In more detail, this study explores the ways in which people challenge the taken-for-granted concepts of loss and abnormality in five different dementia contexts: ethics, repetition, time, agency and emplacement. By rejecting medical preconceptions or categorisations, this study focuses on uncovering what loss does in everyday life rather than asking what loss means or what people lose. In particular, this study emphasises bodily movement, sensory perception and affect, not because of the language deterioration during dementia trajectories but because of a new way of understanding and new reality that those affected practise in daily life. Consequently, this study illustrates the immanent potential of the anthropological view for thinking and dwelling with those living with dementia alongside their limits and implications. This study is thus an autobiographical ethnographic testimony of my past decade living, learning, volunteering, studying and most importantly co-dwelling with those living with dementia. This is a collaborative co-production created with those involved, as without the participation of those affected and the co-presence of significant others, my work could not be done. Accordingly, there is neither a beginning nor end to this study, but a moving forward and generating dementia becoming as the lives of those affected and those who care for them unfold.
The Intergenerational Programme at Nightingale House: A study into the impact on the well-being of elderly residents
Author(s): Somers, Ali
Date: 2019
Topics: Age and Generational Issues, Ageing and the Elderly, Main Topic: Other, Care and Welfare, Schools: Kindergarten / Nursery Schools, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly
Abstract: Nightingale House is a faith-based elderly residential care home located in South West London. The
Jewish charity Nightingale Hammerson runs the care home and is over 175 years old. In January
2017, a weekly intergenerational baby and toddler group began in the home’s main lounge. This was
followed by the opening of an on-site social enterprise day nursery, Apples and Honey Nightingale
CIC in September 2017. Apples and Honey Nightingale sets aside 20% of nursery places for care home
staff to use for their own children at a heavily subsidised rate. The intergenerational on-site nursery
is the second branch of a local one that has operated for over 25 years and has a long-standing
relationship of visiting and interacting with the care home.

This report details the findings of a study to determine the extent to which the regular intergenerational
programme has an impact on the well-being of elderly residents at Nightingale House. The research
took place over five months and included more than 30 days of observations. Impact is defined here
as observable changes to resident behaviour, and can include (but is not limited to) improvements to
physical mobility, verbal and nonverbal communication, cognitive function, and expressed feelings of
self-worth. While the research framework accounted for positive and negative changes for residents,
almost entirely positive changes were observed.
Situace V Oblasti Péče Poskytované Přeživším Holocaustu A Ostatním Obětem Nacistické Perzekuce Na Území Itálie
Translated Title: Care Situation Provided To Holocaust Survivors And Other Victims Of Nazi Persecution In Italy Territory
Author(s): Ludvíková, Miroslava
Date: 2013
Topics: Ageing and the Elderly, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Care and Welfare, Holocaust Survivors, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial
Abstract: Předložená studie analyzuje situaci v oblasti péče poskytované přeživším
šoa a ostatním obětem nacisticko-fašistické perzekuce na území Itálie (dále jen
studie) a vznikla na žádost a pro potřeby Evropského institutu odkazu šoa, o. p. s.
(dále jen ESLI), jemuž má sloužit především jako podpůrný nástroj pro
formulování jeho krátko-, středně- a dlouhodobých strategií v oblasti péče o
přeživší šoa a ostatní oběti nacisticko-fašistické perzekuce.
Tato studie v mnohém inspirativně a metodologicky vychází ze studie
Situace v oblasti péče poskytované přeživším holocaustu a ostatním obětem
nacistické perzekuce na území České republiky provedené výzkumným týmem
pod vedením PhDr. Dariny Sedláčkové (Praha: ESLI, 2012).
V úvodní kapitole je definována cílová skupina, na niž se studie
zaměřuje, jsou zde představena základní metodologická východiska, užívané
termíny a rozsah mapované péče. V závěru této části jsou uvedeny předpokládané
tendence ve vývoji potřeb výše definovaných cílových skupin.
Druhá kapitola obsahuje ucelený přehled platné italské legislativy
související s oblastí sociálního a důchodového zabezpečení a státní a
regionální/místní sociální podpory a obsahuje i souhrnný přehled specifických
opatření přijatých italským státem ke zlepšení životní situace cílových skupin,
eventuálně jejich pozůstalých. Kapitola je doplněna informacemi o
odškodňovacím programu Claims Conference na území Itálie.
Třetí kapitola prezentuje asociace a organizace, které sdružují přeživší
šoa a další oběti nacisticko-fašistické perzekuce v Itálii, popřípadě jejich pozůstalé.
Zmíněny jsou také organizace spojující účastníky národního boje za osvobození.
Čtvrtá kapitola analyzuje současný stav poskytování sociální péče
přeživším šoa a ostatním obětem nacisticko-fašistické perzekuce v Itálii z pohledu
praxe a jsou zmíněny regionální diverzity v poskytování sociální péče.
V poslední a závěrečné kapitole jsou shrnuta zjištěná fakta a jsou vedena
doporučení na zlepšení fungování systému sociální péče poskytované přeživším
druhé světové války a nacisticko-fašistické perzekuce. Tato doporučení vycházejí z reálných návrhů a praktických potřeb a mohla by efektivně vylepšit sociální
pozici cílové skupiny.
Součást studie tvoří rovněž příloha s přehledem relevantních italských
zákonů.
Vzhledem ke skutečnosti, že v průběhu vypracovávání studie postupně
docházelo k úpravám penzijního systému a k přechodu na nový, je na tyto
skutečnosti na patřičném místě upozorněno.
Autorka studie používá primárně italskou odbornou terminologii a
názvosloví a až v závorce uvádí český překlad. Je si však vědoma toho, že překlady
nejsou vždy zcela přesné, a to z toho důvodu, že v českém jazyce není vždy možné
najít přesný ekvivalent termínů.
Zároveň autorka také upozorňuje na skutečnost, že italský důchodový a
sociální systém je natolik složitou soustavou, že pro tuto studii byly vybrány
relevantní informace a data. Mimo fokus této práce byly ponechány nepodstatné
skutečnosti, stejně jako nejsou zmíněny například sociální příspěvky, jež již
v současné době nejsou v platnosti
Situace V Oblasti Péče Poskytované Přeživším Holocaustu A Ostatním Obětem Nacistické Perzekuce Na Území České Republiky
Translated Title: The Situation in the Care Provided to the Holocaust Survivors and Other Victims of Nazi Persecution in the Territory of the Czech Republic
Author(s): Sedláčkové, Dariny
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Holocaust Survivors, Care and Welfare, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ageing and the Elderly
Witnessing loss in the everyday: Community buildings in austerity Britain
Author(s): Robinson, Katherine; Sheldon, Ruth
Date: 2018
Topics: Main Topic: Identity and Community, Jewish Community, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Care and Welfare, Jewish Organisations, Economy and Economics, Ethnography, Memory, Libraries and Archives, Comparisons: Between Jews and Non-Jews
Abstract: This article is concerned with what happens to precarious community buildings in times of austerity. It responds to a landscape of capitalist realism, in which instrumental, economic forms of value are mobilised to justify the closure of ordinary buildings whose survival is not identified as a political priority. The study focuses on two London cases of a library and an elderly day centre under threat of closure, and traces how grammars of austerity rendered these buildings substitutable. Considering how abstract sociological conceptions of value/s can struggle to break into the embedded common sense of austerity, the authors explore how ethnographic practices of collaboration and attentiveness can help amplify alternative expressions of the meanings of these buildings for their communities. Enacting a form of ethnographic witnessing, which learns from Wittgenstein, the authors highlight the creative, vernacular registers and gestures of library users and day centre members, and show how these were anchored in the buildings themselves. In this way, the article supplements noisier, more hyperbolic accounts of the violence of austerity by amplifying quotidian responses, which express how ordinary buildings and the forms of life they sustain, matter.
‘We are (not) the master of our body’: elderly Jewish women's attitudes towards euthanasia and assisted suicide
Author(s): Baeke, Goedele; Wils, Jean-Pierre; Broeckaert, Bert
Date: 2011
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Denominations: Orthodox, Ageing and the Elderly, Main Topic: Other, Law: Jewish Law / Halacha
Abstract: Objectives. In Belgium, dominant ideological traditions – Christianity and non-religious humanism – have the floor in debates on euthanasia and hardly any attention is paid to the practices and attitudes of ethnic and religious minorities, for instance, Jews. This article aims to meet this lacuna.

Design. Qualitative empirical research was performed in the Orthodox Jewish community of Antwerp (Belgium) with a purposive sample of elderly Jewish (non-)Hasidic and secularised Orthodox women. In-depth interviews were conducted to elicit their attitudes towards (non-)voluntary euthanasia and assisted suicide.

Results. The research reveals diverse views among women in the community on intentionally terminating a patient's life. Absolute rejection of every act which deliberately terminates life is found among the overwhelming majority of (religiously observant) Orthodox (Hasidic and non-Hasidic) women, as they have an unconditional faith and trust in God's sovereign power over the domain of life and death. On the other hand, the views of secularised Orthodox women – mostly irreligious women, who do not consider themselves Orthodox, thus not following Jewish law, yet say they belong to the Orthodox Jewish community –show an acceptance of voluntary euthanasia and assisted suicide but non-voluntary euthanasia is approached more negatively. As they perceive illness and death as merely profane facts, they stress a patient's absolute right towards self-determination, in particular with regard to one's end of life. Among non-Hasidic Orthodox respondents, more openness is found for cultivating a personal opinion which deviates from Jewish law and for the right of self-determination with regard to questions concerning life and death. In this study, these participants occupy an intermediate position.

Conclusion. Our study reveals an interplay between ethical attitudes on euthanasia and religious convictions. The image one has of a transcendental reality, or of God, has a stronger effect on one's (dis)approval of euthanasia than being (ir)religious.
Trauma und Intervention: Zum professionellen Umgang mit Überlebenden der Shoa und ihren Familienangehörigen
Translated Title: Trauma and Intervention: Professional work with survivors of the Shoah and their family members
Editor(s): Bloch, Benjamin
Date: 2010
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Holocaust Survivors, Holocaust Survivors: Children of, Mental Health, Care and Welfare, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial
„Nach dem Überleben“: Psychosoziale und medizinische Auswirkungen der Shoah auf die Generation der Child Survivors. Tagungsband 2011
Translated Title: "After surviving": Psychosocial and Medical Impact of the Shoah on the Generation of Child Survivors. Proceedings 2011
Editor(s): Bloch, Benjamin
Date: 2011
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Denominations: Orthodox, Holocaust Survivors, Care and Welfare, Mental Health, Health, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial
Gebrochene Identitäten Auswirkungen: Traumatischer Erfahrungen auf Child Survivors Kongressbeiträge 4. - 7. November 2012
Translated Title: Cracked identities: Impact of traumatic Experiences on child survivors. Congress contributions 4 - November 7, 2012
Date: 2012
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Holocaust Survivors, Mental Health, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial
Between the Red and Yellow Stars: Ethnic and Religious Identity of Soviet Jewish World War II Veterans in New York, Toronto, and Berlin
Author(s): Shternshis, Anna
Date: 2011
Topics: Ageing and the Elderly, Jewish Populations and Ethnicities: Russian-Speaking and Former Soviet Jewish Diaspora, Communism, Military Service, Interviews, Newspapers, Magazines and Periodicals, Main Topic: Identity and Community, Migration: Russian and FSU Emigration and Immigrants, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly
Abstract: A few days after arriving in New York during the spring of 1990, Anatolii S. (born in 1920, Ukraine), put on his jacket, decorated with the numerous military medals that he had earned during his service in the Soviet Army during World War II, and went into a nearby synagogue, hoping to find out about the benefits available to him as a Jewish veteran of the war that "helped to save America from fascism." He showed his documents to the local clerk, who only gestured for him to put his hat back on and to pray with the prayer book. Unable to open the book correctly, and most importantly, unwilling to pray, Anatolii realized that neither his participation in the war, nor his knowledge of Yiddish, made him a true member of this community. Being accustomed to displays of public respect and economic benefits from his status as a war veteran, Anatolii now had to embrace his new status in a society that did not regard him any differently from any other non-English speaking, elderly Jewish immigrant from Russia.

Anatolii, like the other approximately 26,000 Soviet Jewish veterans who migrated to Germany, Israel, Canada, and the United States in the 1990s, was certainly welcome to attend synagogues and Jewish community centers in his new country, but his understanding of what it meant to be a Jew differed profoundly from the majority of members in these communities. Anatolii and his peers (Soviet veterans) regarded their participation in the war as the most important part of their Jewish identity, and they were often shocked to find out how little the war meant to the Jewish identity of the local populations they encountered. Unsatisfied with the status quo, many Soviet veterans launched their own organizations, where being Jewish and proud of Soviet accomplishments did not seem contradictory. Moreover, the definitions of "Soviet" and "Jewish" shifted, merged, and eventually formed the foundation of a specific culture, with its own leaders, traditions, rituals, and language.

In this article, I look into the modes of survival of Soviet language and ideology among veterans, and analyze what these modes tell us about the patterns of immigrant adaptation. I concentrate on three centers of veterans' activities: New York, Toronto, and Berlin, and discuss similarities and differences in the adaptations of veterans in these communities. I will discuss how the culture of each city and country influenced what the veterans select from Soviet rhetoric to describe their present lives.

The second goal of this study is to challenge existing scholarship, which treats elderly migrants as passive and apathetic. Nursing Studies and Gerontology dominate research in this area (rather than the field of immigrant studies) and as a result we know much more about cases of extreme isolation, deprivation, and depression among elderly immigrants in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Western Europe than about the contribution elderly migrants make to the social and cultural systems in their new societies. While the vulnerability of this group is undeniable, I perceive studying foreign retirees solely as victims or disadvantaged entities as an "ageism" bias which denies proper recognition and acceptance of the achievements and life experiences of the elderly, as it sees them solely through the prism of their ailing bodies. Soviet Jewish veterans, as a group, serve as an ideal case study of how elderly immigrants fight such perceptions, both consciously and subconsciously, not only by creating their own organizations, but also by establishing an awareness of their legacies in their new home countries.

Data and Methodology
This study is based on 233 in-depth interviews with Soviet veterans of World War II conducted between 1999 and 2007 in Toronto, Berlin, and New York. I used a snowball sample, where the initial respondents—located through veterans' organizations and ads placed in Russian-language media—suggested other potential interviewees. The interviews consisted of open-ended questions about respondents' experiences throughout their lives. Russian-language newspaper articles published in immigrant papers also served as useful sources for public expressions of veterans' opinions about political, cultural, and social issues in their new countries.
Social Survey for the Jewish Community Members in Zagreb Aged 65 Years and More
Author(s): Švob, Melita
Date: 2006
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ageing and the Elderly, Surveys, Main Topic: Demography and Migration, Social Work
Abstract: The initiative for Survey is given by Research and Documentation centre for Holocaust victims and survivors in Zagreb, with support by Jewish community Zagreb, Claims conference research funds and JOINT. This is the second social Survey on the same population of Jewish community in Zagreb. First survey which was realized before ten years – in 1995, had a great success by providing with relevant data social and humanitarian work in Community,
what was important at that time, after the war in ex-Yugoslavia. With the present research in 2005, we wish to obtain a key informant survey to facilitate community social work, with respects to the needs of the Jewish elderly and the implication of the aging in the Jewish community. Objectives of the survey is to describe actual and recent situation and needs for the elderly members of community older than 65 years, and to renew and support social
work, voluntaries actions and solidarity in the Jewish communities.
In the last ten years, between two surveys, we can perceive several mayor changes
in demographic, social, economical and health situation of the elderly, mainly
holocaust survivors:
‰ Increased proportion of elderly persons in the Jewish population in Croatia
‰ Increased proportion of persons, aged 75 years and more in the population of
elderly
‰ The rise in the number of persons aged 75 and more, increase the number of
disabled elderly
‰ Restrictions of public basic medical care and decline of public social welfare
expenditure
‰ Worsening of the economical situation and lowering standard of living
‰ Changes in the role of the Jewish family in caring for the elderly
‰ Lack of the data in community on the needs of the elderly
Tokens of trauma: The ageing experience of Shoah survivors in a Jewish support centre.
Author(s): Kasstan, Ben
Date: 2015
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ageing and the Elderly, Holocaust Survivors, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial
Abstract: This paper explores the traumatic memories of ageing Shoah survivors who attend a Jewish social and therapeutic support facility in London (UK). The study investigates the perceived differences in trauma within a diverse group of members who partake in the day centre. The difference in Shoah experience contextualises how survivors of ghettos and concentration camps possess a salient relationship with food, notably bread which acts as an enduring symbol of catastrophe for participants. The meanings that underlie death amongst camp survivors are evaluated, where decisions regarding the end of life stage can be interpreted as a shared experience with those who perished during the Shoah. Results exemplify how religious and cultural elements of Judaism mediate the trauma that has become thoroughly embodied for participants. survival is steeped in intersubjective acts of remembrance, offering a novel contribution to the anthropological study of genocide.
The taste of trauma: reflections of ageing Shoah survivors on food and how they (re)inscribe it with meaning
Author(s): Kasstan, Ben
Date: 2015
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ageing and the Elderly, Food, Holocaust Survivors, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial
Abstract: Drawing on ethnographic research in the UK’s only support facility for ageing Jewish Shoah survivors, this paper charts the ‘foodways’ in a Centre where satiety is experienced as an emotional as well as a physical need. How the experience of genocidal violence and displacement give rise to particular tastes of trauma is explored, firstly through the symbolism of bread which is metaphorically leavened with meanings and memories of survival – both in Judaism and for the survivors interviewed. Bread is positioned as a true reflection of lived experience for survivors of both ghettoes and concentration camps, who construct a specific and salient relationship with food. This illustrates the perceived difference between them and members of the Centre who escaped the Nazi regime as refugees or by the Kindertransport. Foods associated with the concentration or extermination camps are (re)inscribed with new meanings, as a steaming bowl of Polish barley soup ultimately embodies the ingredients of memory but also the recipe of survival. It can also stew the nostalgia of pre-war lives for Eastern European Jews and their recollections of the heym (Yiddish, home). Food is a conscious strategy of care in the Centre that mediates the embodied trauma of participants, and this paper draws on comparative examples to argue that refugee and survivor communities more generally may possess culturally-significant relationships with food that remain poorly understood.
Cultural Identity and Belonging in Later Life: Is Extra Care Housing an Attractive Concept to Older Jewish People Living in Britain?
Author(s): Holland, Caroline A.; Katz, Jeanne S.
Date: 2010
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ageing and the Elderly, Focus Groups, Main Topic: Identity and Community, Housing
Abstract: The extra care housing concept of supported independence within a caring community is one that may offer much to minority communities, particularly those with changing patterns of family care. The context for this study is a UK population which is ageing, with a relatively small but growing number of older people within religious and ethnic minority groups who have needs specific to their cultural identity in addition to those in common with the majority. In considering its need for new forms of later life accommodation, the British Jewish community is looking for models that are acceptable both in terms of specifically Jewish cultural requirements and with respect to ‘mainstream’ middle class expectations of amenity, service, and social inclusion. This article presents findings of sixteen focus groups with middle-aged and older members of Jewish communities in London and the south east of England, and reflects on their attitudes to specificity in cultural provision in extra care.
Report for Nightingale House: Data Analysis of the 2001 Census
Author(s): Graham, David
Date: 2004
Topics: Censuses, Demography, Residence Patterns and Mobility, Ageing and the Elderly, Main Topic: Demography and Migration, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly
Abstract: This report aims to identify the location and circumstances of potential clientele for
Nightingale House over the next 10-15 years, as well as to highlight locations where
further qualitative research would be beneficial.
Alternde Shoah-Überlebende in einem psychosozialen Zentrum in Frankfurt am Main – Interaktionsprozesse und biographische Analysen
Translated Title: Aging Shoah survivors in a psychosocial center in Frankfurt am Main - Interaction processes and biographical analyzes
Author(s): Cunea, Janine
Date: 2017
Topics: Holocaust Survivors, Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ageing and the Elderly, Trauma, Psychology/Psychiatry, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial
Abstract: Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der psychosozialen Betreuung von jüdischen Shoah-Überlebenden in einer Einrichtung in Frankfurt am Main. Der ZWST „Treffpunkt“ für Überlebende der Shoah und ihre Familien („Treffpunkt“) ist eine Einrichtung, die einen wichtigen Beitrag zur psychosozialen Versorgung der häufig schwer traumatisierten Überlebenden leistet. Eine Gruppe von Ärzt_innen, Psychoanalytiker_innen, Sozialpädagog_innen und Shoah-Überlebenden aus dem Raum Frankfurt am Main fand sich 2002 zusammen und gründete den ZWST „Treffpunkt“ für Überlebende der Shoah und ihre Familien (Treffpunkt), um gemeinsam die psychosoziale Betreuung von jüdischen Überlebenden der Shoah und ihrer Familien zu koordinieren und zu verbessern. Denn das bestehende Angebot reichte nicht aus. Von den sozialen Einrichtungen der jüdischen Gemeinden konnten die Überlebenden bis dahin nur teilweise erreicht werden.
The Health and Well-being of Jewish People Aged 65 to 85 Years Living at Home in the East End of London
Author(s): Bowling, Ann; Farquhar, Morag
Date: 1993
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ageing and the Elderly, Main Topic: Other
Abstract: Relatively little is known about what has been termed cultural gerontology, or the experience of ageing among members of particular ethnic minority groups. One of the greatest gaps in current knowledge relates to the subjective health status and use of health services among elderly people in ethnic minorities, particularly those who are Jewish. The research results reported here are from a survey of elderly people in City and Hackney, London, of whom 16% were Jewish. They show that Jewish respondents were more likely than other elderly people to report problems with emotional well-being, with mental and physical health and with functional ability (tasks of daily living). Jewish respondents were also more likely to use services, particularly health services, than other respondents. The associations with service use generally remained after health status had been controlled for.
Facing the Future: The Provision of Long-Term Care Facilities for Older Jewish People in the United Kingdom
Author(s): Valins, Oliver
Date: 2002
Topics: Care and Welfare: Care for the Elderly, Ageing and the Elderly, Strategic Planning, Main Topic: Other
Abstract: This book is a detailed examination of the services that are provided to older people by the UK Jewish community. The book begins by recounting the history of social care within Britain followed by an overview of Jewish welfare provision in the United Kingdom. The book highlights how Jewish communal providers are considered among the best in the U.K. but at the same time deal with very high expectations and demanding government legislation. The book concludes by providing recommendations on what communities and individuals should think about in terms of priorities and willingness to pay for services for older people and what kind of resources and connections can be used to improve social service provisions.