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The Phoenix? Jewish Studies in Post-communist Europe
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 2011
Topics: Jewish Studies, Main Topic: Other, Universities / Higher Education, Post-Communist Transitions
Legitimating Myths and the Holocaust in Postsocialist States
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Editor(s): Kopstein, Jeffrey S.; Subotić, Jelena; Welch, Susan
Date: 2023
Topics: Holocaust, Holocaust Commemoration, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Nationalism, National Identity, Memory, Post-Communist Transitions
Has There Been a "Jewish Revival" in Russia and Ukraine after Communism?
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Editor(s): Monterescu, Daniel; Werczberger, Rachel
Date: 2022
Topics: Jewish Revival, Post-Communist Transitions, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Recent Demographic and Migratory Trends Among Soviet Jews: Implications for Policy
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 1992
Topics: Demography, Emigration, Main Topic: Demography and Migration, Russian Emigration
Abstract: A prominent authority on the Jewish population of the former USSR focuses on demographic trends and migration behavior (both within the former USSR and abroad), while also addressing the effect of Soviet state policy toward the Jewish population. Among the factors whose effects on population dynamics are examined, emphasis is placed on the Jewish population's concentration in large urban areas, the effects of emigration on age structure of the remaining population, self-identification as a method in census enumeration, ethnic intermarriage and family characteristics, and the outlook and prospects for emigres in Israel and the United States.
Native Land, Promised Land, Golden Land: Jewish Emigration from Russia and Ukraine
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 1998
Topics: Emigration, Aliyah, Main Topic: Demography and Migration, Russian Emigration
Reconstructing Jewish Communities and Jewish Identities in PostCommunist East Central Europe
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Editor(s): Kovács, András; Andor, Eszter
Date: 2000
Topics: Jewish Revival, Jewish Renewal, Post-Communist Transitions, Main Topic: Identity and Community, Jewish Identity, Jewish Community
Internationalism, Patriotism and Disillusion: Soviet Jewish Veterans Remember World War II and the Holocaust
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Editor(s): Roth, John K.; Maxwell, Elizabeth; Levy, Margot; Whitworth, Wendy
Date: 2001
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Oral History and Biography, Interviews, Ageing and the Elderly
Abstract: Soviet historiography ignored the Jewish role in World War II, for reasons shall explore. Yet the topic is very important to Soviet and post-Soviet Jews (as well as to others), in part precisely because it was ignored by the Soviets. This is manifested in the number of articles and books published on the subject in the former Soviet Union (FSU) and the Soviet Jewish diaspora, few of them by professional historians. One way of supplementing amateur historiography and filling in gaps in our knowledge is by taking oral testimonies from participants in the war. This has been done successfully by some popular historians in the United States. Oral history has serious limitations, of course. It should probably not be used to establish facts, especially at a distance of more than fifty years and in regard to events fraught with great meanings and emotions. Oral history allows for embellishment, cover-ups, falsifications and distortions. However, it can be most useful in establishing perceptions, that is, not so much what happened — though that should not be dismissed — but what people think happened, or think now happened then.
Do Jewish Schools Make A Difference in the Former Soviet Union
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 2007
Topics: Schools: Jewish Schools, Jewish Revival, Main Topic: Education
Ethnic identity and ethnic relations among the Jews of the non‐European USSR
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 1991
Topics: Jewish Populations and Ethnicities: Bukharan, Jewish Populations and Ethnicities: Mountain Jews, Ethnicity, Surveys, Aliyah, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Abstract: This study of ethnic identity and ethnic relations in the Caucasus and Central Asia uses a 1985 sample of Soviet Jews who immigrated to Israel. Georgian, ‘Bukharan’ (Central Asian) and Mountain Jews are more attached to religion and tradition than their Ashkenazi brethren. They do not use religion as a surrogate for ethnicity, and they have a strong sense of ethnic identification, including a highly specific self‐identity as Georgian, Bukharan or Mountain Jews, different from other Jews. Georgian Jews report less frequent encounters with anti‐Semitism than any other Jewish group, but all groups believe that ethnicity plays a major role in daily life, in encounters with officials, and in social relations. Ethnic stereotypes and ethnic distances are clearly revealed in tests among the respondents. Ethnicity emerges as an important factor in daily life and ethnic gaps appear quite wide. These conclusions are supported by recent events in the USSR.
The ethnicity of Russian and Ukrainian Jews
Author(s): Chervyakov, Valeriy; Gitelman, Zvi; Shapiro, Vladimir
Date: 2001
Topics: Ethnicity, Jewish Identity, Surveys, Main Topic: Identity and Community
The Jews: A Diaspora Within A Diaspora
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Editor(s): King, Charles
Date: 1999
Topics: Diaspora and Relations Between Diaspora Countries, Politics, Main Topic: Other
Jewish Identities in Postcommunist Russia and Ukraine: An Uncertain Ethnicity
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 2012
Topics: Jewish Identity, Demography, Surveys, Intermarriage, Emigration, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Abstract: Before the USSR collapsed, ethnic identities were imposed by the state. This book analyzes how and why Jews decided what being Jewish meant to them after the state dissolved and describes the historical evolution of Jewish identities. Surveys of more than 6,000 Jews in the early and late 1990s reveal that Russian and Ukrainian Jews have a deep sense of their Jewishness but are uncertain what it means. They see little connection between Judaism and being Jewish. Their attitudes toward Judaism, intermarriage and Jewish nationhood differ dramatically from those of Jews elsewhere. Many think Jews can believe in Christianity and do not condemn marrying non-Jews. This complicates their connections with other Jews, resettlement in Israel, the United States and Germany, and the rebuilding of public Jewish life in Russia and Ukraine. Post-Communist Jews, especially the young, are transforming religious-based practices into ethnic traditions and increasingly manifesting their Jewishness in public.
Jewish Identity and Secularism in Post-Soviet Russia and Ukraine
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Editor(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 2009
Topics: Jewish Identity, Main Topic: Identity and Community, Secularity, Secularisation and Secular Jews
Национальное самосознание российских евреев. Материалы социологического исследования 1997 - 1998 гг. (статья третья)
Translated Title: National Self-Consciousness of the Russian Jews: Materials of the sociological research 1997-1998 (Third Article)
Author(s): Гительман, Цви; Червяков, Владимир; Шапиро, Валерий
Date: 2001
Topics: Assimilation, Intermarriage, Jewish Identity, Surveys, Demography, National Identity, Ethnicity, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Abstract: Представляем читателям заключительную статью из серии
публикаций, основанных на материалах этносоциологического
исследования, впервые проведенного в 1992–1993 гг. в Москве,
Санкт-Петербурге и Екатеринбурге, повторенного в тех же
городах в 1997–1998 гг. и посвященного разнообразным аспектам
формирования национальной идентичности российских евреев.
Оба раза с помощью формализованного интервью были опрошены
по 1300 респондентов в возрасте 16 лет и старше по репрезентативной для каждого из трех городов выборке. В первых двух статьях серии (см. «Диаспоры», 2000, № 3; 2001, № 1) подробно описаны концепция, методология, инструментарий проекта,
а также рассмотрены его эмпирические результаты, касающиеся
структуры этнической идентичности, роли иудаизма и традиций
в жизни современного еврейства, влияния семьи и ближайшего
социального окружения на национальную самоидентификацию,
освоения культурного наследия, участия в еврейском организованном движении, политических настрений еврейского населения.
Национальное самосознание российских евреев. Материалы социологического исследования 1997–1998 гг. (статья вторая)
Translated Title: Ethnic Self Consciousness of the Russian Jews. Results of Sociological Survey Conducted in 1997–1998 (second article)
Author(s): Гительман, Цви; Червяков, Владимир; Шапиро, Валерий
Date: 2001
Topics: Assimilation, Intermarriage, Jewish Identity, Surveys, Demography, National Identity, Ethnicity, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Abstract: Представляем читателям вторую статью из серии публикаций, основанных на материалах этносоциологического исследования, впервые проведенного в 1992–1993 гг. в Москве, Санкт-Петербурге и Екатеринбурге, повторенного в тех же городах в 1997–1998 гг. и посвященного разнообразным аспектам формирования национальной идентичности российских евреев. Оба раза с помощью формализованного интервью были опрошены по 1300 респондентов в возрасте 16 лет и старше по репрезентативной для каждого из трех городов выборке. В первой статье серии (см. «Диаспоры», 2000, № 3) подробно описаны концепция, методология, инструментарий проекта, а также рассмотрены его эмпирические результаты, касающиеся, в частности, структуры идентичности, роли иудаизма и традиций в жизни современ
ного еврейс ва, влияния семьи и ближайшего социального окружения на национальную самоидентификацию.
Национальное самосознание российских евреев. Материалы социологического исследования 1997—1998 гг
Translated Title: Ethnic Consciousness of the Russian Jews. Results of Sociological Survey Conducted in 1997—1998
Author(s): Гительман, Цви; Червяков, Владимир; Шапиро, Валерий
Date: 2000
Topics: Assimilation, Intermarriage, Jewish Identity, Surveys, Demography, National Identity, Ethnicity, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Abstract: Предлагаемая статья начинает серию публикаций, в основу
которых легли материалы этносоциологического исследования,
проведенного в трех городах России в 1997–1998 гг. и посвященного разнообразным аспектам формирования национальной идентичности российских евреев. Редакция журнла выражает благодарность авторам проекта за предоставленную возможность стать первым российским научным изданием, знакомящим читателей с результатами этой работы.
Иудаизм в национальном самосознании российских евреев
Translated Title: Judaism in the National Self-Consciousness of the Russian Jews
Author(s): Гительман, Цви; Червяков, Владимир; Шапиро, Валерий
Date: 1994
Topics: National Identity, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Do Jewish Schools Make a Difference in the Former Soviet Union?
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Editor(s): Pomson, Alex; Deitcher, Howard
Date: 2009
Topics: Schools: Jewish Schools, Main Topic: Education
Religion and ethnicity: Judaism in the ethnic consciousness of contemporary Russian Jews 
Author(s): Chervyakov, Valeriy; Gitelman, Zvi; Shapiro, Vladimir
Date: 1997
Topics: Jewish History, Religion, Ethnicity, Jewish Identity, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Abstract: Jews have debated whether they are a racial, religious, ethnic or cultural group. Historically, Judaism (religion) and Jewish ethnicity have been fused. The Soviet regime suppressed traditional Jewish identities and substituted a secular, socialist Jewishness based on Yiddish which proved unpopular. Now that they are free to reconstruct Jewish life, we interviewed 1,300 Jews in three Russian cities to ascertain what they think being Jewish means. Judaism plays a very small role in their conceptions of Jewishness. To the extent that religious rituals are observed, they are manifestations of ‘symbolic ethnicity’. Many do not ‘feel’ Jewish because their culture and consciousness are largely Russian. Nevertheless, they are interested in learning more about Jewish traditions and culture. A Jewish ‘civil religion’ may emerge in Russia. Jewish identities have varied over space and time, and a uniquely Russian Jewish identity may evolve in the coming years. 
The Reconstruction of Community and Jewish Identity in Russia
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 1994
Topics: Jewish Community, Jewish Revival, Jewish Identity, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Becoming Jewish in Russia and Ukraine
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Editor(s): Gitelman, Zvi; Kosmin, Barry; Kovács, András
Date: 2003
Topics: Jewish Community, Jewish Identity, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Jews of the Former Soviet Union: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
Author(s): Avineri, Shlomo; Chlenov, Michael; Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 1997
Topics: Jewish Revival, Jewish Communal Futures, Policy, Jewish Status (Who is a Jew?), Boundaries, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Abstract: Report based on a conference held in June-July 1996 in St Petersburg on the future of the Jewish community in the FSU.