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The prohibition of negationism in Poland (Article 55 of the act on the institute of national remembrance) and questioning the criminal legacy of totalitarian systems
Author(s): Scheffler, Tomasz
Editor(s): Sondel-Cedarmas, Joanna; Pożarlik, Grzegorz
Date: 2025
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Nationalism, Memory, Holocaust Denial, Law
Abstract: Article 55 of the Act on the Institute of National Remembrance – the Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (“Act on the IPN”), provides for the punishment of behavior involving the denial of Nazi and Communist crimes, those committed by Ukrainian nationalists and members of Ukrainian formations collaborating with the German Third Reich, and other crimes against peace and humanity or war crimes, when carried out in public and includes statements contrary to fact. This provision aimed to serve as the basis for combating the so-called historical revisionism (denialism). However, in reality, it does not fulfill this role. The author posits that due to the provision’s requirement to demonstrate non-compliance with “facts”, the justice system avoids prosecutions based on this so-called “Auschwitz paragraph” and prefers to prosecute such acts by means of Article 256 § 1 of the Criminal Code, where the basis for prosecution is the demonstration of the vague premise of “incitement to hatred”.
How has the reappearance of an extreme right political party in Spain affected the memory of the Holocaust and Francoism?
Author(s): Simó, Marta
Editor(s): Sondel-Cedarmas, Joanna; Pożarlik, Grzegorz
Date: 2025
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Nationalism, Memory, Holocaust Commemoration
Abstract: It has been observed in recent years that the emergence, or reemergence, of far-right parties has an impact on how the memory of the Holocaust is used to build new political discourses around some historical facts of the past, as well as how democratic and historical memory should be treated and for what purposes. Based on research undertaken within the framework of the project “Sites of Tension: Shifts in Holocaust Memory in Relation to Antisemitism and Political Contestation in Europe,” implemented by the University of Haifa, led by Dr. Novis and Prof. Kochavi, this chapter will elaborate on how public memory of the Holocaust has been transformed, changed, or moulded as a result of the appearance of the political party VOX in the political arena in Spain.
Dangerous victims? Teaching nationalist youth about the Holocaust: Challenges and strategies in Poland
Author(s): Ambrosewicz-Jacobs, Jolanta; Musiał, Adam
Editor(s): Sondel-Cedarmas, Joanna; Pożarlik, Grzegorz
Date: 2025
Topics: Antisemitism: Far right, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Holocaust Education, Youth, Nationalism, Memory
Abstract: This chapter will elaborate on challenges to education about the Holocaust (EaH) in Poland in the context of the proliferation of memory discourses. The revival of certain antisemitic attitudes among the so-called nationalist youth will be addressed, using specific examples from empirical research carried out in Poland between 2019 and 2022. The research was conducted as part of the Sites of Tension project, reflecting the memory of the Shoah. The chapter will focus on the politicization of Holocaust memory in post-2015 Poland as a factor influencing EaH and on good practices attempting to counteract the attitudes of radical, nationalist youth.