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Traumuojančių Holokausto prisiminimų įtaka tapatumo patirčiai: kokybinė analizė
Translated Title: Traumatic Memories of Holocaust Survivors’ in Touch With Their Experiences of Identity: Qualitative Analysis
Author(s): Reches, Ruth; Sondaitė, Jolanta
Date: 2013
Topics: Holocaust Survivors, Interviews, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Oral History, Biography and Memoir
Abstract: Šio tyrimo tikslas yra prisidėti nagrinėjant Holokausto aukų patirtų traumų įtaką tapatumo patyrimui. Duomenys buvo renkami naudojant biografinį naratyvinio interviu metodą, pusiau struktūruotą interviu. Tyrime dalyvavo 3 tiriamieji (viena moteris ir du vyrai, kurių amžius nuo 80 iki 90 metų). Interviu buvo įrašyti į diktofoną, transkribuoti ir analizuoti remiantis teminės analizės metodu. Buvo išskirtos šios tapatumo patyrimo Holokausto prisiminimų kontekste teminės grupės: savo bejėgiškumo išgyvenimas; aktyvios pastangos išsigelbėti; santykiai; vidiniai pokyčiai
Traumatic memories of Holocaust survivors’ and their effect on the experience of identity
Author(s): Reches, Ruth; Sondaitė, Jolanta
Date: 2012
Topics: Holocaust Survivors, Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Psychology (Social and Experimental), Trauma
Abstract: Collective disasters such as the Holocaust, war, repressions and ethnic violence are man-made political and social disasters. Not only they shock the wider (or future) public strongly, but result in serious trauma to the survived. A psychological trauma is an intense emotional experience with which human beings’ “I” (self) strive. The psychological effects of trauma is the phenomenon of in ability to adapt caused by psychological trauma. The identity is a dynamic system which defines a personality throughout interpersonal relations and emotional experiences. Traumatic memories disrupt conventional processes between of an individual and the community relationships based on trust, care and giving people a sense of control, purpose and interconnectivity since the sense of identity is formed by the relationship with others. Traumas destroy or diminish the victim’s earlier formed structure of self-perception and distort an individual’s sense of reality, warping meanings of real events. In our research we tried to analyze how trauma affected a person’s self-perception in the Holocaust. A biographical narrative interview was used to collect the data. One informant participated in the pilot research. The thematic analysis procedures were employed in order to achieve the goal. Themes were generated to delineate the descriptions of traumatic experiences and understandings of how they affect the informant’s life. Thematic analysis of the interview with the Holocaust survivor paved the way for better understanding of how traumatic memories are involved in the identity experience revealing the prevailing patterns such as self-perception as a weak physiological being, the relationship with the family, relationship with God, gratefulness for being alive.
Resilience to Trauma by Holocaust Survivors: Factors in Surviving, Coping and Thriving
Author(s): Reches, Ruth; Sondaitė, Jolanta
Date: 2017
Topics: Main Topic: Holocaust and Memorial, Holocaust Survivors, Interviews, Trauma, Resilience
Abstract: The current study analyzes how Holocaust survivors coped with different painful situations in their lives during the Holocaust through identification of factors of resilience to the trauma they experienced. Four female and six male survivors were included in the survey. Each informant experienced life in a ghetto or concentration camp at age eight or above. A semi‑structured interview was used to gather data. Thematic analysis was used to achieve the goal. Themes were formulated to describe protective factors which Holocaust survivors said enabled them to survive the war. Among the major resilience factors identified were social support (help received from close relatives, help received from other people); changes in values (changes of attitude towards people, life and God); circumstance (“miracles”, coincidence); integration of experience (acceptance of fate, sharing experiences with others) and self‑reliance (self‑efficacy). Our research suggests both external (social support and circumstances) and internal factors (changes in values, integration of traumatic experience and self‑reliance) determine resilience to trauma by Holocaust survivors.