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A Half Century of Jewish Emigration from the Former Soviet Union
Author(s): Tolts, Mark
Date: 2019
Topics: Main Topic: Demography and Migration, Demography, Emigration, Aliyah, Russian-Speaking Jews
Post-Soviet Jewish Demographic Dynamics: An Analysis of Recent Data
Author(s): Tolts, Mark
Editor(s): DellaPergola, Sergio; Rebhun, Uzi
Date: 2018
Topics: Main Topic: Demography and Migration, Demography, Russian Emigration
Abstract: FSU Jewish numerical dynamics and emigration are presented. The demographic characteristics of the Jews today in different FSU countries and some parts of the Russian Federation are analyzed in comparison with those of Soviet Jewry at the onset of the mass emigration of the 1990s.
Post-Soviet Jewish Demography, 1989-2004
Author(s): Tolts, Mark
Editor(s): Gitelman, Zvi; Ro'i, Yaakov
Date: 2007
Topics: Soviet Jewry, Main Topic: Demography and Migration, Demography, Censuses, Migration, Aliyah
Post-Soviet Jewish Demographic Dynamics: An Analysis of Recent Data [Revised as of February 18, 2018]
Author(s): Tolts, Mark
Date: 2018
Topics: Main Topic: Demography and Migration, Demography, Censuses, Ageing and the Elderly, Aliyah, Emigration
Abstract: Results of the recent censuses of the FSU countries clearly demonstrated that Jewish demographic decline has transpired rather quickly in most of them. Our analysis shows that aging reached a very advanced level among all post-Soviet Jews, with the exception of those in Azerbaijan. Especially high indicators of aging were found in Belarus and St. Petersburg. Based on the data of Russian censuses we also found that low fertility persisted among the Jewish population. Germany and the USA ceased to be a major destination for ex-Soviet Jewish emigration as immigration rules became more stringent in these countries. At the same time, a severe economic crisis led to a great increase in emigration from Russia and Ukraine to Israel in recent years, whereas return migration, as seen in Russian data, reached its lowest level.
Таты на Кавказе: извилистая судьба одного этнонима
Author(s): Членов, Михаил
Editor(s): Членов, Михаил
Date: 2008
Topics: Main Topic: Other, Mountain Jews, Language
Who Are These "Mountain Jews"?
Author(s): Chelnov, Mikhail A.
Date: 2009
Topics: Main Topic: Identity and Community, Jewish Community, Mountain Jews, Rural and Small Town, Diaspora
Abstract: Mikhail Chlenov, secretary general of the Euro-Asian Jewish Congress, introduces the classic volume Mountain Jews, edited by Iosef Begun and Valerii Dymshits. This essay presents the significance of the group as well as the book. Mountain or "Highland" Jews have cultural roots in the history of a far-flung Persian Jewish archipelago. Many Jews from mountainous villages in Dagestan and Azerbaijan in the post-Soviet period have fled long-established rural communities, often landing in Moscow as outsiders within an already "outsider" group.
The Mountain Jews in Post-Soviet Caucasus: Reconstructing Ethnic Identification and Political Orientation
Author(s): Grebennikov, Marat
Date: 2015
Topics: Mountain Jews, Jewish Revival, Ethnicity, Jewish Identity, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Abstract: Even though the ethnic factor played a significant role in Soviet and post-Soviet politics in the Caucasus and contributed to the rapid transformation of the ethnic organizations into political movements and parties, one ethnic group, the Mountain Jews, stands out as an exception. Unlike other ethnic groups, no community of Mountain Jews in the Caucasus has ever mobilized politically to get official acknowledgment on the basis of its ethic and religious identity. Why? The answer to this question lies in explanation of certain aspects of ethnic identification and political orientation of the Mountain Jews discussed in this paper. The paper concludes that the political culture and historical experience of Mountain Jews delegitimizes the very idea of ethnic mobilization in regional politics regardless of their official status within political regime. The Mountain Jews have never relinquished their national identity and ethno-cultural affiliation with their brethren beyond the Caucasian mountains. Nor have they ever abandoned the Jewish faith.
Antisemitism in FSU - 2014
Author(s): Likhachev, Vyacheslav
Date: 2015
Topics: Antisemitism, Antisemitism: Monitoring, Main Topic: Antisemitism
Antisemitism in Post-Soviet Territory: A Concise Overview (2009-2010)
Author(s): Likhachev, Vyacheslav
Date: 2010
Topics: Antisemitism, Antisemitism: Monitoring, Hate crime, Holocaust Denial, Main Topic: Antisemitism
Евреи на постсоветском пространстве: новые демографические данные
Translated Title: Post-Soviet Jewish Demographic Dynamics: An Analysis of Recent Data
Author(s): Tolts, Mark
Date: 2016
Topics: Demography, Aliyah, Russian Emigration, Main Topic: Demography and Migration
Abstract: В статье на основе новых данных представлена динамика численности евреев в постсоветских странах, их столицах и отдельных частях Российской Федерации. Проанализированы некоторые основные демографические характеристики еврейского населения – его возрастная структура и уровень рождаемости. Рассмотрены перемены в направлениях современной миграции. При этом особое внимание уделено наиболее многочисленному потоку из России в Израиль, а также возвратной миграции в Россию.
Еврейское население бывшего СССР в ХХ веке: (социально-демографический анализ).
Translated Title: Jewish Population of the Former Soviet Union in 20th Century (Socio-Demographic Analysis)
Author(s): Konstantinov, Viacheslav
Date: 2007
Topics: Demography, Main Topic: Demography and Migration
Abstract: Настоящая книга представляет собой попытку обобщающего исследования
социально-демографического развития еврейского населения бывшего СССР
за истекшее столетие, включая динамику численности и расселения по
республикам и городам, этноязыковой состав, половозрастную и семейную
структуру, рождаемость и смертность, уровень образования,
профессиональную структуру, участие в советской политической системе и
эмиграцию в другие страны. В частности, рассматривается влияние
Катастрофы, как на общую численность еврейского населения, так и на его
социально-экономическую структуру. Большое внимание в книге уделяется
представительству евреев среди студентов, специалистов и научных
работников бывшего СССР.
Книга предназначена для демографов, социологов, историков и всех
интересующихся данной проблемой. Многие статистические материалы,
представленные в книге, публикуются впервые.
Ethnic identity and ethnic relations among the Jews of the non‐European USSR
Author(s): Gitelman, Zvi
Date: 1991
Topics: Bukharian Jews, Mountain Jews, Ethnicity, Surveys, Aliyah, Main Topic: Identity and Community
Abstract: This study of ethnic identity and ethnic relations in the Caucasus and Central Asia uses a 1985 sample of Soviet Jews who immigrated to Israel. Georgian, ‘Bukharan’ (Central Asian) and Mountain Jews are more attached to religion and tradition than their Ashkenazi brethren. They do not use religion as a surrogate for ethnicity, and they have a strong sense of ethnic identification, including a highly specific self‐identity as Georgian, Bukharan or Mountain Jews, different from other Jews. Georgian Jews report less frequent encounters with anti‐Semitism than any other Jewish group, but all groups believe that ethnicity plays a major role in daily life, in encounters with officials, and in social relations. Ethnic stereotypes and ethnic distances are clearly revealed in tests among the respondents. Ethnicity emerges as an important factor in daily life and ethnic gaps appear quite wide. These conclusions are supported by recent events in the USSR.
Patriarchy through lamentation in Azerbaijan
Author(s): Goluboff, Sascha L.
Date: 2008
Topics: Mountain Jews, Jewish Music, Virtual Community, Internet, Death and Mourning, Main Topic: Culture and Heritage
Abstract: In this article, I analyze patriarchy through the lens of emotional discourse in and beyond death rituals among Mountain Jews in northeastern Azerbaijan. I argue that the time-bound nature of female lamentation and the recent development of a popular narrative conceptualizing this genre as the custom defining Mountain Jewish identity in the Caucasus ultimately work to disempower women, reaffirming gender roles through narratives of suffering. Even though they use lamentations to address grievances within a context of increased outward migration, Mountain Jewish women cannot easily escape the conservative force that sorrow plays in their daily and ritual lives
Are They Jews or Asians? A Cautionary Tale about Mountain Jewish Ethnography
Author(s): Goluboff, Sascha L.
Date: 2004
Topics: Mountain Jews, Ethnography, Main Topic: Other
Abstract: In this article, Sascha L. Goluboff investigates the development of ethnographic knowledge about Mountain Jews in Azerbaijan to provide new ways of understanding who Mountain Jews are and to provoke scholars to reflect critically on empire, ethnicity, and religion in the Caucasus. Following Nicholas B. Dirks's recent call for anthropologists to pay attention to the "textual field that is the pretext to fieldwork," Goluboff analyzes how the work of the first ethnographers of Mountain Jews-Yehuda Chernyi (1835-1880) and Il'ia Anisimov (1862-1928)-created an image of Mountain Jews as both "savage Asians" and "primordial Jews" and how subsequent scholarship has reinforced this dichotomy as modern "fact." Goluboff believes that by paying more attention to the intersections among ethnic groups and refraining from making moral judgments, it is possible to open up new ground for creatively researching the relations between Islam and Judaism in the Caucasus.
Общины траура: погребальные плачи горских евреев в селе Красная Слобода (Азербайджан) и в интернете
Translated Title: Communities of Mourning: Mountain Jewish Laments in Azerbaijan and on the Internet
Author(s): Голубофф, Саша
Date: 2015
Topics: Mountain Jews, Jewish Music, Virtual Community, Internet, Death and Mourning, Main Topic: Culture and Heritage
Abstract: В статье рассматриваются две локации выражения плача горских евреев - Красная Слобода, представляющая собой традиционное место воплощения традиций горских евреев, и онлайн- центр горских евреев. Автор изучает то, как плач, выражающий себя в обоих пространствах, помогает создавать общину горских евреев. Однако, как показывает автор, развитие альтернативных мест выражения плача в конечном счете бросает вызов гендер- ным ожиданиям, касающимся эмоциональности и проявлений горя, равно как и привычным текстам плакальщиков.
Communities of Mourning: Mountain Jewish Laments in Azerbaijan and on the Internet
Author(s): Goluboff, Sascha L.
Editor(s): Steinberg, Mark D.; Wanner, Catherine
Date: 2008
Topics: Mountain Jews, Jewish Music, Virtual Community, Internet, Death and Mourning, Main Topic: Culture and Heritage
Sources for the Demographic Study of the Jews in the Former Soviet Union
Author(s): Tolts, Mark
Editor(s): Rebhun, Uzi
Date: 2014
Topics: Demography, Bibliography and Literature Reviews, Main Topic: Demography and Migration, Censuses, Aliyah, Migration, Soviet Jewry
Abstract: The article shows that demographic study of the Jews in the Former Soviet Union has a long and well established tradition based on the very rich amount of data: i.e., vital and migration statistics, and census results. The analysis started from an overview of the Tsarist and Soviet statistical legacies. However, most of the attention is focused on findings of the last quarter century. The study examines both the role of the Soviet internal passport which, because it listed ethnicity, was the basis for Jewish statistics, and the consequences of the elimination of compulsory ethnic identification in the post-Soviet Slavic countries.
The Jewish Population of the USSR on the Eve of the Great Exodus
Author(s): Konstantinov, Viacheslav
Date: 1991
Topics: Demography, Soviet Jewry, Main Topic: Demography and Migration
Антисемитизм на постсоветском пространстве: краткий обзор (2009–2010)
Translated Title: Antisemitism in the Former Soviet Union: An Overview (2009-2010)
Author(s): Likhachev, Vyacheslav
Date: 2010
Topics: Antisemitism, Antisemitism: Monitoring, Hate crime, Holocaust Denial, Main Topic: Antisemitism
Mixed Marriage and Post-Soviet Aliyah
Author(s): Tolts, Mark
Editor(s): Reinharz, Shulamit; DellaPergola, Sergio
Date: 2009
Topics: Intermarriage, Aliyah, Main Topic: Demography and Migration
Abstract: In this paper we shall study the incidence of mixed marriage in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) and the role of demographic peculiarities of the Jewish marriage market in the spread of mixed marriage. Special attention will be devoted to the offspring of mixed couples and their ethnic affiliation. The relatively high proportion of non-Jews in the aliyah movement from the FSU as a consequence of mixed marriage will also be examined
Jewish Marriages in the USSR: A Demographic Analysis
Author(s): Tolts, Mark
Date: 1992
Topics: Marriage, Demography, Intermarriage, Main Topic: Demography and Migration
Jews in the 1989 USSR Census
Author(s): Heitman, Sidney
Date: 1990
Topics: Censuses, Demography, Main Topic: Demography and Migration